PSI - Issue 44

Hasan Borke Birgin et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 1624–1631 Hasan Borke Birgin et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

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Conclusion The dynamic tests and preliminary identification of two full-scale beams have been conducted by using smart concrete. The first beam was made of bulk smart concrete with carbon microfibers, and was equipped with distributed copper wires as electrodes along its length. The second beam was made of ordinary concrete and was instrumented with small cubic sensors made of smart concrete. Both beams have been subjected to vibration tests by use of hammer hits. The dynamic response generated by the smart concrete elements have been investigated. The primary vibration frequencies caused by hammer impacts have been measured as 65 Hz and 80 Hz for the smart concrete beam and for the beam with embedded electrodes, respectively. The results appear appropriate for the investigated elements, and promising for diffused health monitoring of real structures and infrastructures. Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) through the Project FISR 2019: "Eco Earth" (code 00245). References Birgin, H.B., D’Alessandro, A., Laflamme, S. & Ubertini, F. (2020a). Smart Graphite–Cement Composite for Roadway-Integrated Weigh-In Motion Sensing, Sensors, 20(16), 4518; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164518 Birgin, H.B., Laflamme, S., D’Alessandro, A., Garcia-Macias, E. & Ubertini, F. (2020b). A Weigh-in-Motion Characterization Algorithm for Smart Pavements Based on Conductive Cementitious Materials. Sensors 20, 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030659 D'Alessandro A., Ubertini F., Materazzi A.L., Laflamme S., Cancelli A., Micheli L. (2016) Carbon cement-based sensors for dynamic monitoring of structures. EEEIC 2016 - International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering, art. no. 7555628. DOI: 10.1109/EEEIC.2016.7555628 D’Alessandro A., Birgin H.B., Cerni G., Ubertini F. (2022) Smart Infrastructure Monitoring through Self-Sensing Composite Sensors and Systems: A Study on Smart Concrete Sensors with Varying Carbon-Based Filler. Infrastructures, 7 (4), art. no. 48. DOI: 10.3390/in-frastructures7040048 Ding, S.; Wang, Y.W.; Ni, Y.Q.; Han, B. (2020) Structural modal identification and health monitoring of building structures using self-sensing cementitious composites. Smart Materials and Structures, 29, 055013. Downey A., D'Alessandro A., Ubertini F., Laflamme S. (2018) Automated crack detection in conductive smart-concrete structures using a resistor mesh model. Measurement Science and Technology, 29 (3), art. no. 035107. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aa9fb8 Han, B., Yu, X. and Ou, J. (2015). Self-Sensing Concrete in Smart Structures. Butterworth-Heinemann 2015 ISBN 978-0-12-800517-0, Elsevier Inc. Han, B., Yu, X. and Ou, J. (2011). Multifunctional and smart nanotube reinforced cement-based materials. K. Gipalakrishnan, B. Birgisson, P. Taylor, N. Attoh-Okine (Eds.), Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure. A Paradigm Shift, Springer, 1-48. Meoni, A., D’Alessandro, A., Downey, A., García-Macías, E., Rallini, M., Materazzi, A. L., Torre, L., Laflamme, S., Castro-Triguero, R. and Ubertini, F. (2018). An experimental study on static and dynamic strain sensitivity of embeddable smart concrete sensors doped with carbon nanotubes for SHM of large structures. Sensors, 18(3), 831. Rainieri, C., Song, Y., Fabbrocino, G., Markand, J.S. and Shanov, V. (2013). CNT-cement based composites: Fabrication, self-sensing properties and prospective applications to Structural Health Monitoring, In Proc. SPIE, Fourth International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering 8793, 10pp Ubertini F., D'Alessandro A. (2018) Concrete with self-sensing properties. Eco-efficient Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Infrastructures, pp. 501 - 530, DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102181-1.00018-6 Yoo, D.-Y., You, I., Youn, H. & Lee S.-J. (2018). Electrical and piezoresistive properties of cement composites with carbon nanomaterials. Journal of Composite Materials, 52(24).