PSI - Issue 44

Rebecca Asso et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 894–901

895

2

Rebecca Asso et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

1. Introduction The civil engineering community has raised awareness about the significance of testing and maintaining structures and infrastructures since these are extremely vulnerable to adverse consequences, causing tremendous worry for humankind. Existing structures, particularly those built prior to the 1980s, are frequently found to be in violation of the new or updated structural codes. This is directly addressed to lack of knowledge in structural performance. In years to come, precautions must be taken regarding the safety of structures and civil engineers must act at a greater pace to overcome the aforementioned misconception. The compliance of the requisites given by nowadays structural codes and guidelines is compromised and upgraded by several strategies which permit a continuous assessment of the structural performance. Particularly, Structural health Monitoring (SHM) is a modern strategy which took advantage of nowadays technologies related to the Internet of Things (IoT), using sensing devices, and gathering big data which is handled through cloud servers allows a continuous evaluation of structural features (Tokognon et al. 2017; Yu et al. 2020). The methodology used in the case study presented in this paper is a data-driven analysis, obtained by the use of sensors positioned along the structure, which consents the identification of faulty behavior of the instrumented elements, local and globally wise of the structure response. The approach is simply defined by monitoring the current state of the structure granting speediness to the assessment. Nomenclature S max maximum displacement S min minimum displacement ΔS variation of displacement μ mean value χ measurement σ standard deviation γ c unit weight of reinforced concrete g 1 structural load g 2,p road paving g 2,c curb g 2,s sidewalk g 2,t corbel g 2,pv parapets and miscellaneous T o assumed initial temperature ΔT uniform change in temperature ∇ T temperature gradient 1.1. Test of structures The task of verification of bridges and viaducts, required by new and partially retrofitted infrastructures, is evaluated through experimental testing. As stated in (Bonaldi et al. 2012) the tests that promote the structural assessment are known as destructive/nondestructive controlled-method in materials, on the basis of static and dynamic testing. In materials, the controlled-methods have the goal of delving the knowledge of the genuine mechanical characteristics. It is fulfilled with structural surveys such as the evaluation of resistance in tension of rebars, sonic and assessment of concrete cores. The static load test evaluates structural elements by measuring deflection and stress due to external loads to determine that the elements are below the elastic field threshold and that the total vertical displacement is within recognized limits based on correct models. Loads are progressively applied in such a way that stress is maximized (Salomone 2019).