PSI - Issue 44

Brunella Cutrone et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 713–720 Brunella Cutrone et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

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Further processing of the cartography can make it possible to obtain intensity maps, vulnerability maps and exposure maps, which allow to characterize the entire road section and therefore all the bridges included in it and to plan Level 1 investigations with greater accuracy.

Fig. 4. Susceptibility (a), intensity (b), vulnerability (c) and exposure (d) maps. (Pellicani, Argentiero, Spilotro, 2017)

Among the qualitative approaches it is therefore suggested the use of heuristic methods (supported by GIS techniques for the production of thematic maps) as they not only hierarchize the causes most predisposing the failure, for the purpose of optimizing the control and risk management interventions, but they can also be used for forecasting purposes in other study areas characterized by the same setting. The knowledge of past events, the analysis of the causes and effects on the territory, the interventions carried out and the evaluation of their effectiveness are therefore key elements that must guide the first stages of the multilevel approach of the Bridges Guidelines. An accurate archive search, covering a significant time interval, allows not only to obtain information on past phenomena of which, at present, no visible trace remains, but also to outline the evolutionary picture of the currently observable landslides, to deepen knowledge of the peculiar characteristics of individual landslides, such as their trigger mechanisms and the main triggering factors. As a third improvement proposal, for the reasons indicated above, in addition to the consultation of the PAI plans and IFFI maps and documentation, is also suggested consultation of national archives. These include the AVI (areas historically vulnerable to geological disasters) archive, created since 1989 by the CNR-GNDCI (National group for the defense of hydrogeological disasters), in which information is collected on areas historically vulnerable to geological (landslides) and hydraulic (floods) of the Italian territory in the period 1918-2000 found in local newspapers, technical and scientific publications and through interviews with experts in the field of soil protection