PSI - Issue 41

J.E.S.M. Silva et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 41 (2022) 36–47 Silva et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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Fig. 11 – P -  curves for the TSJ as a function of  .

Fig. 12 shows the P m evolution with  , showing an exponentially increasing trend of P m with the decrease of  . The increase of P m between  =45° and 10° is considerably high (322.2%). On the other hand, the relative improvement between consecutive  of 10º and 3.43º is 164.9% which is directly related to the increase of the shear area of adhesive resisting separation. The adhesive ductility allows a nearly uniform distribution of  xy stresses, through the reduction of peak stresses at the bond edges, which consequently increases P m , especially for small  (Campilho et al., 2013).

Fig. 12 – P m as a function of  .

4.5. Dissipated energy Fig. 13 presents the U evolution as a function of  up to reaching P m . This parameter is highly relevant in the advent of energy absorption due to static damage of impact loadings, and it serves as a design variable for different applications such as vehicle crashworthiness analyses. U is calculated by averaging the area under the P -  curves. To avoid adherend plasticization effects on U measurement, this quantity was calculated from the test beginning until P m was reached, leading to a more precise measurement of  on the adhesive’s limit . Identically to the P m effect, described in the previous section, an exponentially increasing trend of U was found with the decrease of  , since P m and the failure displacement are the main driers affecting U , both increasing with the  reduction. Thus, the TSJ with  =3.43° provided the best results ( U =8.34 J). The U values were kept relatively low between 45º≤  ≤10º, and then U significantly increased, triggered by the significant P m and failure displacement difference. The