PSI - Issue 37

Rogério Lopes et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 37 (2022) 123–130 R. F. Lopes et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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4. Conclusions This paper represents a complementary work and a progressive investment in passive safety of the automobile industry. This study is based on the R-29 regulation, is applied to a passenger coach, in which the behavior of the door in a frontal impact is analyzed in detail. This work had an experimental component of a PSD test that allows us to know the damage propagation per increments and statically what would happen in a real dynamic test. Later, there was the opportunity to analyze the process using finite element tools. Two tools were used that both complemented each other, Abaqus and Pamcrash , which the second one provided more accurate results in this case and to be more efficient to proceed with the experimental validation. In the experimental test, there was the opportunity to acquire strain data at six different locations using 6 different strain gauge, as well as acquire information on front panel displacements using 3D DIC. Regarding the strain results, the strain gauges located closest to the loading area tend to vary more from the numerical solution, however those located further away from this area are quite close. Respecting to the direct comparison between the DIC and numerical displacements contours, they revealed to be in agreement. In this work, the biggest challenge is the regards of buckling effect, a phenomenon that causes high instability in slender structures. Experimentally, it is necessary to ensure a high rate of precision in the position during the test. Numerically, it is necessary to apply numerical techniques in order to force the buckling to occur, such as slight imperfections in the mesh. A trial-and-error procedure should be adopted to trigger buckling closer as possible to the actual trial. Acknowledgements This work was developed in the scope of the project CRASH - Refª POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039711, funded by "Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização". References Cerit, Muhammed E, Mehmet A Guler, Bertan Bayram, and Uğur Yolum. 2010. "Improvement of the energy absorpt ion capacity of an intercity coach for frontal crash accidents." Proc 11th Int’l LS -DYNA Users Conf. Chen, Yang, Jiangxiong Wei, Haoliang Huang, Wen Jin, and Qijun Yu. 2018. "Application of 3D-DIC to characterize the effect of aggregate size and volume on non-uniform shrinkage strain distribution in concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites 86:178-189. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.11.005. De Melo, FJMQ, JA O Carneiro, HR Lopes, JF Dias Rodrigues, and JF Silva %J The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design Gomes. 2001. "The dynamic analysis of piping systems using pseudo-dynamic techniques." 36 (5):441-451. Europeia, Jornal Oficial da União. 20.11.2010. "Regulamento nº 29 da Comissão Económica das Nações Unidas para a Europa (UNECE) — Prescrições uniformes relativas à homologação de veículos no que diz respeito à protecção dos ocupantes da cabina de um veículo comercial." Group, ESI. June 2019. "Virtual Performance Solution - Solver Reference Manual." Melo, Francisco JQ, Joaquim AO Carneiro, Cassilda L Tavares, Pedro P Camanho, and Paulo T %J Mechanics Research Communications de Castro. 2006. "A simplified method for the impact test of beams using a pseudo-dynamic (PSD) process." 33 (2):190-205. Smith, Michael. 2009. "ABAQUS/Standard User's Manual, Version 6.9." Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp, United States. Yadav, Shalabh, and S. K. Pradhan. 2014. "Investigations into Dynamic Response of Automobile Components during Crash Simulation." Procedia Engineering 97:1254-1264. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.404.