PSI - Issue 37

Alexandre Fragoso et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 37 (2022) 533–539 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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2. Modelling A structural carbon steel St37-2 (DIN 17100 1980) was the material used for the metallic structure of the cyclone. Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the steel, and Table 2 shows its mechanical properties. The refractory material used to cover the interior of the cyclone is an alkali-resistant solution CALDETM CAST ML 55 S5 (ISO 1927-3:2012). The concrete is mixed and vibrated in molds, creating plates, which are mechanically attached to the cyclone; concrete can sometimes also be sprayed. Their properties are shown in Table 3.

Table 1. Chemical composition of steel St37-2 (DIN 17100 1980). C Mn Cu P S

N

 0.19%

 1.5%

 0.6%

 0.045%

 0.045%

 0.014%

Table 2. Mechanical properties of steel St37-2 (DIN 17100 1980).

Young’s Modulus

Poisson’s Coefficient

Density

Specific Heat 440 J/(kg.K)

210 GPa

0.28

7800 kg/m 3

Yield Strength

Tensile Strength

Thermal Expansion Coefficient

Thermal Conductivity

235 MPa

360 MPa

1.1 x 10 -5 K -1

14 W/(m.K)

Table 3. Chemical composition of CALDETM CAST ML 55 S5 (ISO 1927-3:2012). Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 SiC CaO Fe 2 O 3 55% 35% 5% 1.4% 0.9% Density Compression Strength (at T=800, 1200 and 1550 ºC) 2480 kg/m 3 130 MPa 140 MPa 110 MPa

The modelled equipment represented in Fig. 3a makes up the fourth stage (out of five) of the preheating tower. The modelling was carried out between expansion joints; that is, the cyclone was modelled up to the two upper expansion joints and the three lower expansion joints that connect the cyclones to the ducts above and below, and clearance of the upper and lower expansion joints is equal to 80 mm. The modelling of this equipment was performed by surfaces, with thickness definition on the simulation phase. In Fig. 3b, numbers have been assigned to the surfaces, later related to the thicknesses shown.

a