PSI - Issue 31

F. Kheloui et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 31 (2021) 140–146

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F. Kheloui et al. / StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

1. Introduction In front of with the ever-increasing needs of material resources and the requirements of environmental preservation, it has become necessary and relevant to prospect and study all the possibilities and opportunities for reuse and recovery of waste and under -industrial products in the field of civil engineering. In general, the waste recycling used as aggregates for the preparation of concrete structural allows, on the one hand, to save natural resources, reduce material costs, and greenhouse gas emissions, and on the other hand improves the quality of construction concrete. The properties of glass aggregates improve the performance of concretes and more particularly the glass powder which is used to replace conventional cement additions (Bourmatte Nadjoua, 2017;Mamery Serifou, 2013;Rachida Idir, Arezki Tagnit-Hamou, 2010). Due to the amorphous nature, glass contains relatively appreciable amounts of silica. Glass is generally considered pozzolanic if it is finely ground. So it could be used to replace Portland cement in concrete. Several studies were carried out in the 1960 on the use of glass as aggregates in concrete. However, this work has shown that all concretes swell and crack. The idea has since been partially abandoned. It is only in the last fifteen years or so that the subject has become topical again. Indeed, for economic and environmental reasons, the use of recycled glass in cements and concretes has aroused the interest of many researchers (Rachida Idir, 2009).

Nomenclature f c 0

Elastic compressive stress Compression stress Maximum tensile stress

f c

f t 0 υ ψ a f a e E E 1 E 2

Poisson's ratio Expansion angle

Biaxial / uniaxial stress Potential flow parameter

Instantaneous Young's modulus Longitudinal Young'smodulus Young's transverse module

G 12

Shear modulus

σ

Real stress tensor

e l D

Stiffness matrix after damage

0 el D

Elastic stiffness matrix

The deterioration of columns requires reinforcement which can be provided by additional containment, to ensure adequate strength and deformation capacity. The confinement effect provided by the outer casing comes from the radial pressure forces generated by the curvature of the casing. This is subjected to tensile forces due to the lateral expansion of the concrete. A column can be completely confined with one or more layers. It can also be partially confined using bands in the form of a continuous spiral or discrete. The confinement generally increases two characteristics of concrete: the compressive strength and the strain corresponding to the ultimate compressive stress (Fardis, M.N. and Khalili, 1982; Thong. Pham and al. 2013). (Ivica Kožar and al. 2019) got interested in modeling and parameter identification in fiber reinforced concrete with steel fibers. They were applied fiber bundle model that is intrinsically stochastic to describe the fiber bond in FRC and an inverse model based on order statistics for parameter determination. Subsequently (Ivica Kožar and al. 2020) presented results of a series of experiments of pulling-out of a fiber from a concrete block and their comparison with Monte Carlo simulations. The devised inverse procedure enables successful estimation of both stochastic and deterministic parameters simultaneously. In this study, a nonlinear finite element modeling (Mickaël Abbas; Help abaqus) based on a local approach is carried out to simulate the real behavior under compressive of concrete cylinders, based on glass waste, confined by a polypropylene fabric. The confinement of concrete by composites consists in increasing the service level and in particular the increase in ductility and resistance to meet existing operating requirements not anticipated in advance, during the phase of design and calculation (Zain Saeed H and al, 2016). This numerical modeling will allow a better