PSI - Issue 3

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 P o edia Structural Int gr ty 3 7 3–10 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Auth rs. Publis ed by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article u der the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Structural integrity of progressively cold-drawn pearlitic steels: From Raffaello Sanzio to Vincent van Gogh Jesús Toribio* Fracture & Structural Integrity Research Group, University of Salamanca E.P.S., Campus Viriato, Avda. Requejo 33, 49022 Zamora, Spain Abstract This papers deals with fracture behavior and structural integrity of progressively cold-drawn pearlitic steels on the basis of their microstructural evolution during manufacturing by multi-step cold drawing. It is seen that the manufacture technique by progressive cold drawing in several steps produces a microstructural evolution in the form of progressive slenderizing and orientation (in the wire axis or cold drawing direction) of the pearlitic colonies (first microstructural level), as well as increasing orienta ion and densification of the ferrite/cementite lamellae (second microstructural level) linked with a decrease of pearlite (ferrite/cementite) interlamellar spacing. Thus the microstructure of the cold-drawn pearlitic steel wires becomes progressively oriented as the c ld-drawing deg ee n eas s a d this micros ructural fact influences the r macroscopic behavior by inducing anisotropic fracture and crack path deflection. Therefore, this paper off rs a mic o- and macro-app oach to the fracture an structural integrity of cold-drawn pearlitic ste ls, introducing th new concept of microstructural int grity . © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: pearlitic steel; cold drawing; microstructural evolution; mechanical properties; anisotropic fracture; structural integrity. 1. Introduction High-strength cold-drawn eutectoid pearlitic steel wires, usually denoted as prestressing steel wires (Toribio, 1992) are widely used as components of prestressed concrete in civil engineering c structions and structures. They can be considered as high-performance structural materials (Toribio, 2006) since: (i) as described by Gil-Sevillano (1986), t t © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +34-980-545-000; fax: +34-980-545-002. E-mail address: toribio@usal.es

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.002