PSI - Issue 3

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 P o edi Structural Integr ty 3 (2017) 11–17 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Improving the mechanical performance of cement composites by carbon nanotubes addition Syed Shujat-ul-Hussan Gillani a , Anwar Khitab a , Sajjad Ahmad a *, Rao Arsalan Khushnood b , Giuseppe Andrea Ferro c , Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi a , Liaqat Ali Qureshi d , Luciana Restuccia c a Mirpur U iversity of Science and Technology (M ST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan b National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad-54000, Pakistan c Politecnico di Torino (PoliTo), Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin-10129, Italy d University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Taxila-47080, Pakistan Abstract The addition of high performance nano materials like carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene etc. in the cement and concrete is gaining attention for achieving multifunctional composite materials with enhanced mechanical, physical and electrical properties. The nano-metric size range and th excepti nally hi h mechanical properties f carbon nanotub s possess very great potential for their utilization in cementitious compo ites for obt ining remarkable pr perties. Billions of on of concrete is used every year in construction industry and its qua ti y may be reduced to a large extent only by improvin the mechanical and durability properties. One way o achi ving the enhanced mechanical properties of em nt compo ite is the utilization of thoroughly dispe sed carbon nanotubes in th composi e matrix. In the pres nt research, small fractio s of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) i.e. 0.05 and 0.10 wt.% of cement have been inc rporated into t e cement concrete and t eir influence on the mechanical properties of the resulting composites have been studied. It is a well-known fact that the uniform dispersion of the MWCNTs in the composite matrix holds the key for the performance improvement. Therefore, special attention was paid to this aspect and uniform dispersion of MWCNTs was achieved through the use of high energy sonication in the presence of modified acrylic based polymer (acting as a surfactant). The concrete specimens were tested in splitting tensile, flexure and compressive strength after 3, 7, 28 and 56 days of immersed water curing. It was observed that the addition of 0.05wt.% MWCNTs increased the splitting tensile strength by 20.58%, flexural strength by 26.29% and compressive strength by 15.60% as compared to the control mix at 28 days of curing. The strength enhancements for the concrete mixes containing MWCNTs may be regarded to the phenomenon of bridging, pinning and branching of the cracks at nano/micro level due to the presence of MWCNTs. Beside strength enhancements, it was also XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Improving the mechanical performance of cement composites by carbon nanotubes addition Syed Shujat-ul-Hussan Gillani a , Anwar Khitab a , Sajjad Ahmad a *, Rao Arsalan Khushnood b , Giuseppe Andrea Ferro c , Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi a , Liaqat li Qureshi d , Luciana Restuccia c a Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan b National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad-54000, Pakistan c Politecnico di Torino (PoliTo), Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin-10129, Italy d University of E ineer ng and T chnology (UET), Tax la-47080, Pakistan Abstract The addition of high performance nano materials like carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene etc. in the cement and concrete is gaining attention for achieving multifunctional composite materials with enhanced mechanical, physical and electrical properties. The nano-metric size range and the exceptionally high mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes possess very great potential for their utilization in cementitious composites for obtaining remarkable properties. Billions of ton of concrete is used every year in construction industry and its quantity may be reduced to a large extent only by improving the mechanical and durability properties. One way of achieving the enhanced echanical properties of cement composite is the utilization of thoroughly dispersed carbon nanotubes in the composite matrix. In the present research, small fractions of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) i.e. 0.05 and 0.10 wt.% of cement ave been incorporated into the cement c ncrete and their influence on the mechanical properties of the resulting composites have been studied. It is a well-known fact that the uniform dispersion of the MWCNTs in the composite matrix holds the key for the performance im rov m t. Therefore, special a tention was paid to this aspect and uniform disp rsion of MWCNTs was achieved through the use of high e rgy sonication i th presence of modified acrylic based polymer (acting as a surfactant). The concrete specimens were tested in splitting tensile, flexure and compressive strength after 3, 7, 28 and 56 days of immersed water curing. It was observed that the addition of 0.05wt.% MWCNTs increased the splitting tensile strength by 20.58%, flexural strength by 26.29% and compressive strength by 15.60% as compared to the control mix at 28 days of curing. The strength enhancements for the concrete ixes containing MWCNTs may be regarded to the phenomenon of bridging, pinning and branching of the cracks at nano/micro level due to the presence of MWCNTs. Beside strength enhancements, it was also © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +92-336-626-3798; fax: +0-000-000-0000 . E-mail address: Sajjad.ce@must.edu.pk 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +92-336-626-3798; fax: +0-000-000-0000 . E-mail address: Sajjad.ce@must.edu.pk

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.003