PSI - Issue 3

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable online at www.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 3 (2017) 308–315 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceD rect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy High temperature embrittled duplex stainless steels: influence f the chemical composition on the fatigue crack propagation Francesco Iacoviello a, *, Vittorio Di Cocco a , Ester Franzese a , Stefano Natali b a Univestià di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b Università di Roma “Sapienza”, DICMA, via Eudissiana 18, Roma, Italy Abstract Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steels are successfully used in chemical, nuclear, oil and gas industries, due to their good mechanical properties and excellent generalized and localized corrosion resistance in many environments and operating conditions (for example, chloride induced stress corrosion). The aim of this work is the analysis of the influence of the chemical composition and of the high temperature embrittlement processes in three different duplex stainless steels. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fracture surface analysis was performed to investigat the fatigue crack propagation microme hanisms. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Duplex Stainless Steels; Fatigue crack propagatio ; High temperature embrittlement. 1. Introduction Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are in between the austenitic and the ferritic grades, combining the best mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of both. As a result of their high mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity and xc llent corrosion res stance DDSs are extens v ly used both in pulp and paper industries, in chemical and petrochemical plants. They also find some applications in food and biomedical fields as well, Fruytier (1991), Gunn (1997). The wide use of DSSs is closely connected to their specific microstructure, formed by roughly equal percentages of austenite and ferrite. Such an austenite-ferrite ratio gives a higher yield and ultimate tensile strength XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy High temperature embrittled duplex stainless steels: influence of the chemical composition on the fatigue crack propagation Francesco Iacoviello a, *, Vittorio Di Cocco a , Ester Franzese a , Stefano Natali b a Univestià di Cassino e del Lazio M ridionale, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b Università di Roma “Sapienza”, DICMA, via Eudissiana 18, Roma, Italy Abstract Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steels are successfully used in chemical, nuclear, oil and gas industries, due to their good mechanical p operties and excellent gen raliz d and localized corrosion resistance in many environme ts and operating conditi ns (for example, chlor de i uced stress cor osion). The aim of this work is the analy is f the influence of the chemical composition and of the high temperature embrittlement processes in t ree different duplex tainless stee s. S anning electron mi rosc pe (SEM) frac ure surface analysis was perfor ed to inve tigate th fatigue crack propagation microme ha sms. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Pe r-review under es ons bility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Dupl x Stainless Steels; Fatigu crack propagation; High temperature embrittl ment. 1. Introduction Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are in between the austenitic and the ferritic grades, combining the best mechanical and corrosion resi tanc properties of both. As a result of their high mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity excellent corr ion re istance DDSs are extensively used bot in pulp nd paper industries, in chemical and petroch mical plant . They also find some applications in oo and biomedical fields as well, Fruytier (1991), Gu n (1997). The wide use of DSSs is cl sely connected to their spec fic mi rostructure, formed by roughly equal percentages of austenite and ferrite. Such an aust nite-ferri e ratio gives a higher yield and ultimate tensile str ngth © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39.07762993281 E-mail address: iacoviello@unicas.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39.07762993281 E-mail address: iacoviello@unicas.it

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.055