PSI - Issue 3

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com Sci ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 P o edi Structural Integr ty 3 (2017) 18–24 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sc enceDir ct Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under th CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// reativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review u der r sponsib lity of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Fracture toughness of highly deformable polymeric materials Roberto Brighenti a *, Andrea Carpinteri a , Federico Artoni a a Dept. of Engineering & Architecture – University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy Abstract A fundamental requirement for safety design of str ctural c mponents is flaw tolerance. In this field, the soft materials have a unique ability to bear external loads despite the presence of defects, due to their pronounced deformability. Unlike traditional materials, which have an enthalpic elasticity, the mechanical response of a polymer-based material is g verned by the state of internal entropy of a molecular network which has a great ability to rearrange the material structure and shape so to minimize the local detrimental effect of flaws. For a correct estimation of the fracture toughness of these materials, a proper knowledge of this entropic effect is needed. In the present research, the mechanical behaviour up to failure of silicone-based cracked plates is examined by taking into account the time-dependent effects. Experimental and theoretical aspects are discussed in order to understand the defect tolerance of such materials. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Fracture Mechanics; Polymer network; Fracture toughness; Damage tolerance 1. In roduction Fracture toughness is an important property to be taken into account for defect tolerance-based design of structural components. Such a property quantifies the ability of a material to reduce the effect of flaws on the global strength of the structures. In this paper, we present the results of some experimental tests performed on flawed specimens made by a common silicone-based polymer. This material has a particular stress-strain curve, which is nearly hyperelastic up to failure, with a negligible ffect of plasticity or internal damage until the final brittle failure occurs (Brighenti 2016). XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Fracture toughness of highly deformable polymeric materials Roberto Brighenti a *, Andrea Carpinteri a , Federico Artoni a a Dept. of Engineering & Architecture – University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy Abstract A fundamental requirement for safety design of structural components is flaw tolerance. In this field, the soft materials have a unique ability to bear external loads despite the presence of defects, due to their pronounced deformability. Unlike traditional materials, which have an enthalpic elasticity, the mechanical response of a polymer-based material is governed by the state of internal entropy of a molecular network which has a great ability to rearrange the at rial structure and hape o to minimize the local detrimental effect of flaws. For a correct estimation of the fracture toughness of these materials, a proper knowledge of this entropic effect is needed. In the present research, the mechanical behaviour up to failure of silicone-based cracked plates is examined by taking into account the time-dependent effects. Experimental and theoretical aspects are discussed in order to understand the defect tolerance of such materials. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Fracture Mechanics; Polymer network; Fracture toughness; Damage tolerance 1. Introduction Fracture toughness is a important property to be taken into account fo defect tolerance-based d sign of structural components. Such a property quantifies the ability of a material to reduce the effect of flaws on th global t ength of the structures. In this paper, we present the results of some experimental tests performed on flawed specimens made by a common silicon -bas d polymer. Thi material has a a ticular str ss-strain curve, which is nearly hyperelastic up to failure, with a negligible effect of plasticity or internal damage until the final brittle failure occurs (Brighenti 2016). © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 0521 905910; fax: +39 0521 905924. E-mail address: brigh@unipr.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 0521 905910; fax: +39 0521 905924. E-mail address: brigh@unipr.it

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.004