PSI - Issue 3

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 3 (2017) 231–236 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDire t StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Damage micromechanisms in a hot dip galvanized steel Vittorio Di Cocco a, *, Francesco Iacoviello a , Laura D’Agostino a , Stefano Natali b a Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, DICeM, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, DICMA, via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Roma, Italy Abstract Hot-dip galvanizing is one of the most used methods to apply zinc-based coatings on steels in order to provide sacrificial protection against corrosion over all the steel surface. The aim of this work is the analysis of the hot dip zinc coated steel plates mechanical properties by means of a non-standardized bending test performed minimizing both the bending moment differences along the bending axis and the interactions between the clamping system and the specimen coating. Bending tests are performed both on non-coated and on hot dip zinc coated plates, correlating the measured variables (applied load and crosshead displacement) with the bending moment and the specimen bending angle. Tests are characterised by a good repeatability. Results show that the main damaging mechanisms depend on the different mechanical behaviour of the intermetallic phases and on their thickness. For all the investigated coating conditions, radial cracks are observed. They initiate corresponding to the  phase and propagate up to the  interfac . The coating thickness increase implies b th an incre e of the importance of the cracks in  and  phases and the presence of cracks at  interfaces. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Hot dip galvanizind; Ipersandling; Damage. 1. Introduction Hot-dip zinc coating is known as one of the most used technique for protecting cold rolled steels against corrosion (ASTM 1999, De Abreu 1999). The steel to be coated is firstly cleaned to remove all oils, greases, soils, mill scale and rust. Cleaning usually consists in a degreasing step followed by acid pickling, in order to remove scale and rust, and by fluxing, in order to XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Damage micromechanisms in a hot dip galvanized steel Vittorio Di Cocco a, *, Francesco Iacoviello a , Laura D’Agostino a , Stefano Natali b a Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, DICeM, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, DICMA, via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Roma, Italy Abstract Hot-dip galvanizing is one of the most used methods to apply zinc-based coatings on steels in order to provide sacrificial pr tection ag inst corrosion ver all the steel surface. The aim of this work is the analysis of the hot dip zinc coate steel plates mechanical properties by means of a non-standardized bending test perf rmed minimizing bot the bending moment differenc along the bending axis and the inter ction between the clamping system and the specimen c ating. Bending tests are perform d both on no -coated and on hot dip zinc coat d plates, correlating the mea ured variables (applied load and crosshea displacement) with the bending moment a d the specimen bending angle. Tests are characterised by a goo repeat bility. Results show that the main damaging mechanisms ep nd on the differe t mechanical behaviour of th intermetallic h ses and on their t ickness. For all the investi ated coating conditions, radial cracks are observed. They initiate corr sponding to the  phase and propagate up to the  interface. The coating hickness increase implies both an increase of the im rtance f the cracks in  and  phases and the presence of cracks at  interface . © 2017 Th Authors. Publish d by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r espons bility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Hot dip g lvanizind; Ipersandling; Damage. 1. Introduction Hot-dip zinc coating is known as one of the most used technique for protecting cold rolled steels against corrosion (ASTM 1999, De Abreu 1999). The steel to b coated is firstly cleaned to remove all oils, greases, soils, mill scale and rust. Cleaning usually consist in a degreasing step followed by acid pickling, in rder to remove scale and rust, and by fluxing, in order to © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39.07762994334. E-mail address: v.dicocco@unicas.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39.07762994334. E-mail address: v.dicocco@unicas.it

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 2452-3216© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.054