PSI - Issue 27

Sakuri Sakuri et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 27 (2020) 85–92 Sakuri et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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2.2. Composite fabrication Composite mold starts with cutting CF long 10 mm and installing them randomly by 60% by volume. Unsaturated polyester mixed MCC at a composition 35% and 5%, with a magnetic stirrer at 150 rpm, 40 °C for 30 minutes (Sakuri et al., 2019). Add methyl ethyl ketone to the matrix mixture and stir until evenly distributed. Put the matrix mixture into the composite mold using the vacuum infusion method. Remove the composite mold after 180 minutes and place it in the oven at 60 °C for 120 minutes. 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis Scanning Electron Microscopy testing uses JSM-610 PLUS / LV Model instrument from JEOL to capture two dimensional images of CF surfaces with treatment and without treatment (Integrated Indonesian Laboratory, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia). CF was mounted on a piece of aluminum coated with platinum and is monitored for 1 minute at 2 bar pressure.

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Fig. 1. Result of morfological test: a) untreated, b) treated 3 h soaking, c) treated 6 h soaking, d) treated 9 h soaking, e) treated 12 h soaking, and f) treated 15 h soaking. The results of SEM on the surface morphology of untreated cantala fibers and modification with alkaline were shown. Micrographs clearly surface fibers that have not been applied alkaline look dirty and very smooth (Fig 1.a). UE shows that fiber is still in the structure of tissue and fibrils are still bound to cemented lignin and other impurities. The morphological surface of the CF that has been treated is shown in (Figs. 1.b - 1.f). CF with AI 3 treatment showed that the fiber was cleaner because the bonding (cementing) began to disappear. AI 6 showed the loss of hemicellulose, wax, other impurities, and a more rough surface appearance due to dissolved amorphous compounds, similar research results (Bisandra, 2000). CF on AI 6 treatment is able to produce a clean surface topography and offers mechanical adhesion properties between surfaces between the fiber and the matrix, so that mechanical properties can be improved.