PSI - Issue 2_B

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 3065–3072 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 il l li t . i i t. tr t r lI t rit r i ( )

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Numerical simulation of fatigue crack growth in friction stir welded T joint made of Al 2024 T351 alloy Abubakr Kredegh a , Aleksandar Sedmak a , Aleksandar Grbovic a , Nenad Milosevic a , Darko D nicic b a Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Swrbia, b RB Kolubara, EPS, Serbia Abstract The Extended Finite Element Method (xFEM) has been applied to simulate fatigue crack gr wth in an AA2024-T351 T welded joint, 5 mm thick, made by friction stir welding. The ABAQUS and Morfeo software has been used. Tensile fatigue loading (mean stress 10 MPa, stress ratio R=0) is applied to Tjoints with a configuration suitable for reinforced panels where both skin and the web (reinforcement or stiffener) is made of a high strength AA2024-T351. Crack is introduced in one edge of the skin base material. The properties of materials in the areas of joints and geometry measures of Tjoint are adopted from available experiments. Following numerical results are obtained: crack front coordinates (x, y, z) and stress intensity factors (K I , K II , K III and K ef ) distribution along the crack tip, as well as the fatigue life estimation for ev ry crack prop gation st p. The main objective of this research is to b tter und rstand fatigue behaviour of friction stir welded T joint of AA2024-T351. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: friction stir welding; aluminum alloys; fatigue crack growth; extended finite element method; fatigue life 1. Introduction The large scale use of welding for joi ing of aerospace structures has long being inhibited by the difficulty of production of Al alloys welds with high fatigue strength, especially in the case of 2XXX and 7XXX series. These types of aluminum alloys are usually perceived as non-weldable due to limited porosity and microstructure during solidification in the fusion zone. There is also a substantial loss in the mechanical properties as related to the base material. The Welding Institute (TWI) came up with Friction Stir Welding (FSW) in 1991 as a process for joining Al alloys in the solid state, providing good mechanical properties and avoiding aforementioned problems, Thomas (1995). The concept behind FSW can be perceived as very simple, but still a bit complex when applied to produce T a i b a lt f i l i i , i it f l , i , b K l , , i t i it l t t li t i l t ti t i l j i t, t i , i ti ti l i . t . il ti l i t , t ti i li t j i t it i ti it l i l t i t i t ti i i t t . i i t i t i t i l. ti t i l i t j i t t j i t t il l i t . ll i i l lt t i : t i t , , t i t it t I , II , III ef i t i ti l t ti , ll t ti li ti ti ti t . i j ti t i i t tt t ti i i ti ti l j i t . 01 t . li ed by ls i B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scienti i itt . : fri ti tir l i ; l i ll ; f ti r r t ; t fi it l t t ; f ti lif . i l l l i j ini t t l i i i it t i i lt ti l ll l it i ti t t , i ll i t i . t l i ll ll l l t li it it i t t i li i i ti i t i . i l t ti l l i t i l ti l t t t t i l. l i tit t it i ti ti l i i j i i l ll i t li t t , i i i l ti i i ti l , . t i i i l , t till it l li t Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. l i r . . i i ilit t i ti i itt . - t r . li

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.383