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Morgado T. L. M. et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 2 (2016) 1266–1276 Morgado T. L. M., Navas H., Brites R./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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4. Conclusions With the present study, it was concluded that the innovative Ti30Ta and Ti52Ta alloys have a wear behavior very similar, this is, the wear volume increases linearly with the rotation of the ball test, sliding distance and time test. The analysis of the ball cratering shows that there is just grooving abrasion and the volume wear abrasion is higher for the lower hardness alloy (Ti52Ta alloy), althought the hardness of Ti30T and Ti52Ta are very aproximated. As both alloys have low Young‘s Modulus, they can be used in biomedical applications, however the Ti-52Ta presents the wear behaviour more compatible with what is expected for developed new implants alloy. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under grants Strategic Project nº PEst-OE/EME/UI0667/2011 and nº UID/CTM/04540/2013, for the financial support. And to thank the Faculty of Science and Technology - Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and the Instituto Superior Técnico – Universidade de Lisboa for the work carried out in the framework of the research centres UNIDEMI and CeFEMA, Adachi, K., Hutchings, I, 2003. Wear-mode mapping for the micro-scale abrasion test. Wear, 255, pp. 23-29. Andersson, K., Reichert, K. and Wolf, R. 2000. Tantalum and Tantalum Compounds. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. DOI:10.1002/14356007.a26_071 Capello, E., Colombo, D. and Previtali, B., 2005. Repairing of Sintered Tools Using Laser Cladding by Wire. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 164-165, 990–1000. Costa, L., Vilar, R., 2009. Laser Powder Deposition. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 15, 264–279. Cozza, R., Mello, J., Tanaka, D., Souza, R,, 2007. Relationship between test severity and wear mode transition in micro-abrasive wear tests. Wear 263 1-6, pp. 111-116. Crapper McLachlan, D., Lukiw, W., Kruck, T., 1990. Aluminium, altered transcription, and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 12, 103-114. Elias, C., Lima, J., Valiev, R., Meyers, M., 2008. Biomedical applications of titanium and its alloys. JOM-Journal of the Minerals Metals and Materials Society 60, 46-49. Farnia, A., Ghaini, F., Rao, J., Ocelík, V., Hosson, J., 2012. Effect of Ta on the Microstructure and Hardness of Stellite 6 Coating Deposited by Low Power Pulse Laser Treatments. Surface and Coatings Technology, 213, 278–284. Gant, A., Gee, M., 2011. A review of micro-scale abrasion testing. J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys., vol. 44, no. 7, p. 073001. Gee, M., Gant, A., Hutchings, I., Bethke, R., Schiffman, K., Van Acker, K., Poulat, S., Gachon Y., Stebut, J., 2003. Progress towards standardisation of ball cratering. Wear, vol. 255, no. 1–6, pp. 1–13. Geetha, M., Singh, A., Asokamani, R. Gogia, A., 2009. Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants – A review. Progress in Materials Science 54, 397-425. Gomes, J., Meguid, S., 2009. Integrity Reliability Failure (Challenges and Opportunities). INEGI edition, ISBN: 978-972-8826-22-2. Komvopoulos, K., Nagarathnam, K., 1990. Processing and Characterization of Laser - Cladded Coating Materials. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 112(2), 131–143. Kusano, Y., Hutchings, I., 2005. Sources of variability in the free-ball micro-scale abrasion test. Wear 258, pp. 313-317. Li, M., He, Y., Sun, G., 2004. Laser Cladding Co-based Alloy/SiCp. Composite Coatings on IF Steel. Materials and Design, 25 (4), 355–358. Lütjering, G., Williams, J., 2003. Titanium. Springer, ISBN 978-3-662-13222-7. Makhlouf, A., Aliofkhazraei, M., 2016. Handbook of Materials Failure Analysis with Case Studies from the Aerospace and Automotive Industries. Elsevier BH. Published. ISBN 978-0-12-800950-5. Morgado, T., Brito, A., 2015. A Failure Analysis Study of a Prestressed Steel Cable of a Suspension Bridge. Case Studies in Construction Materials 3, 40–47. Elsiever. doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2015.04.001 Navas, C., Conde, A., Fernández B.,· Zubiri, F., Damborenea, J., 2005. Laser Coatings to Improve Wear Resistance of Mould Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 194(1), 136–142. Niinomi, M., 2002. Recent Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 33, 477-486. Niinomi, M., 2008. Mechanical biocompatibilities of titanium alloys for biomedical applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 1, 30-42. Reddy, A., 2004.Investigation of Aeronautical and Engineering Component Failures. CRC Press, ISBN: 0-8493-2314-2. Rutherford, K., Hutchings, I., 1996. A micro-abrasive wear test, with particular application to coated systems. Surface and Coatings Technology, vol. 79, pp. 231–239. respectively. References