PSI - Issue 2_B

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 214 –2147 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy THE USE OF DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION TO CORRECT THE THERMOELASTIC CURVES IN STATIC TESTS 1 G. La Rosa*, 1 C. Clienti, 1 A. Marino Cugno Garrano 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6 - 95125 Catania, Italy Abstract Many studies have been carried out with the aid of thermal scanners for the analysis of the thermoelastic effect on materials. In particular, for tensile stresses, the gradient is negative and the thermal variations are proportional to the stress applied in the purely elastic phase. Thermoelastic analysis of materials from the static tests have shown that it is possible to detect information on the dynamic (fatigue) behavior. One of the main problems that occur in following the local thermal behavior in a static test is that of dimensional correction and tracking of the measuring point (spot). These do not allow to follow the same investigated area, that progressively undergoes a displacement as load increases. The purpose of this work, based on previous experiences, is to implement an algorithm and to define a procedure that allows the tracking of the area thermally investigated that, as the load increasing, inevitably undergoes a displacement. The radiometric spots on the specimen, selected at the beginning of test, are progressively updated by following thermographic frames. The displacement information derived from the Digital Image Correlation (D.I.C.), simultaneously was applied on the same specimens. This procedure can better define the trend of temperature changes during the static tensile test and can be used to measure the stress concentration factors in notched specimens. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of he Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Pelvis prostheses; Digital Image Correlation; Thermoelasticity; Str ss concentration factor 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy THE USE OF DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION TO CORRECT THE THERMOELASTIC CURVES IN STATIC TESTS 1 G. La Rosa*, 1 C. Clienti, 1 A. Marino Cugno Garrano 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6 - 95125 Catania, Italy Abstract Many studies have been carried out with the aid of thermal scanners for the analysis of the thermoelastic effect on materials. In particular, for tensile stresses, the gradient is negative and the thermal variations are proportional to the tress applied in the purely elastic phase. Thermoelastic analysis of materials from the static tests have shown that it is possible to d tect information on the dynamic (fatigue) behavior. One of the main problems that occur in following the local thermal behavior in a static test is that of dimensional correction and tracking of the measuring point (spot). These do not allow to follow t e same investigated area, that progressively undergoes a displacement as load increases. The purpose of this work, based on previous experiences, is to implement an algorithm and to define a procedure that allows the tracking of the area thermally investigated that, as the load increasing, inevitably undergoes a displac ment. The radiometric spots on the specimen, selected t the b ginning of test, are progressively updated by following thermogr phic frames. The displacement information deriv d from the Di ital Image Corr lation (D.I.C.), simultaneously was applied on the same specimens. This procedure can better define the trend of temperatur cha ges during the st tic tensile test and can be used to measure the stres conc ntration factors in notched specimens. © 2016 The Auth r . Publis by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under esponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Pelvis prostheses; Digital Image Correlation; Thermoelasticity; Stress concentration factor Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 1. Introductio 1. Introduction

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Many studies, conducted using thermal scanners and image analysis, have shown that the thermoelastic effect is also detectable under static load, even if with different thermoelastic parameters (Geraci et al. (1995), Clienti et al. (2010), La Rosa and Risitano (2014), Risitano et al. (2010, 2012, 2013), Vergani et al. (2014)). In particular, for tensile stresses, the thermal gradient is negative and the variations are proportional to the stress applied in purely elastic Many studies, conducted using thermal scanners and image analysis, have shown that the thermoelastic effect is also detectable under sta ic load, even if with different thermoelastic param ters (Geraci et al. (1995), Clienti t al. (2010), La Rosa a Risitano (2014), Risitano et al. (2010, 2012, 2013), Vergani et al. (2014)). In particular, for tensile stresses, the thermal gradient is negat ve and he variations are proportion l to the stress applied n purely ela tic

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +390957382413; fax: +39095337994; E-mail address: glarosa@dii.unict.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +390957382413; fax: +39095337994; E-mail address: glarosa@dii.unict.it

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.268