PSI - Issue 2_A

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 2255–2262 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fully R versed Axial Notch Fatigue Behaviour of Virgin and Recycled Polypropylene Compounds G. Meneghetti a *, M. Ricotta a , M. Sanità b , D. Refosco a 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131 Padova (Italy) 2 Electrolux spa, C.so L. Zanussi 30, 33080 Porcia (Pordenone), Italy Abstract In this paper, the fatigue behaviour of different polypropylene compounds, characterized by different fractions of recycled material, were analysed. Fully reversed fatigue tests were carried out on three different polypropylene (PP) compounds, namely a 42 wt% calcium carbonate filled PP (EA209), a 42 wt% calcium carbonate filled polypropylene containing 25% recycled PP (R2025) and a 42 wt% calcium carbonate filled 100% recycled polypropylene (R2100). Both plain and notched samples were tested. In particular, the notch sensitivity was investigated on double-edge notched specimens machined from 5-mm-thick injected moulded plates. Three different notch geometries were analy ed, namely a 10 mm circular notch radius (K t =1.65), a 2 mm U-notch radius (K t =3.17) and a 0.5 mm V-notch radius (K t =5.97). During the experimental t sts, the fatigu damage evolution was monitored by using on board travelling microscope and, after failure, fracture surfaces were analysed as well. In view of this extensive body of evidence, it was concluded that the analysed PP compounds are notch insensitive. The presence of 25% recycled PP slightly influenced the fatigue behaviour with respect to the compound made of virgin PP. Consequently, in the present paper, a single design-stress-life curve was proposed for EA209 and R2025 plain and notched compounds, characterised by an inverse slope, k, equal to 13 and a reference net stress amplitude evaluated at 2 million cycles,  A,50% , equal to 11 MPa. Conversely, a down-graded stress-life design curve was determined for R2100 compound, having k=16 and  A,50% =8 MPa. Finally, the fatigue damage analysis highlighted that damage mechanisms and their evolution were independent on the type of material and notch radius and consisted of void formation and coalescence. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fully Reversed Axial Notch Fatigue Behaviour of Virgin and Recycled Polypropylene Compounds G. Meneghetti a *, M. Ricotta a , M. Sanità b , D. Refosco a 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Ve ezia 1, 35131 Padova (Italy) 2 Electrolux spa, C.so L. Zanussi 30, 33080 Porcia (Pordenone), Italy Abstract In this paper, the fatigue behaviour of different polypropylene compounds, characterized by different fractions of recycled material, w e analysed. Fully reversed atigu tests were carri d out on three different polypropylene (PP) comp unds, namely a 42 wt% calcium carbonate fill d PP (EA209), a 42 wt% calcium carbonat fill d polypropylen containing 25% recycled PP (R2025) and a 42 wt% calcium carbonate filled 100% recycled polypr pyl ne (R2100). Both plain and otched samples were tested. In particular, the notch sensitivity was investigated on double-edge notched specimens m chi ed from 5-mm-thick injected moulded plates. Three different notch geom tries were analysed, namely a 10 mm circular notch radius (K t =1.65), a 2 mm U- otch a ius (K t =3.17) and a 0.5 mm V-notch radius (K t =5.97). During the exper mental tests, the f gue dam ge evolution was monitored by using on board travelling microscope and, after failure, fractur surfaces were analysed as well. In view of this exte sive body of evide ce, it was conclud d that th analysed PP compound ar notch insensitive. Th presence of 25% recycled PP lightly influenced the fati ue beh viour wi h r spect to the compound made of irgin PP. Consequently, in the present pap r, a single design-stress-lif curve was proposed for EA209 and R2025 plain an notched compou ds, characterised by an inverse slope, k, equal to 13 and a ref rence net str ss amplitude evaluated at 2 millio cycl s,  A,50% , equal to 11 MPa. Conversely, a down-graded stress-life design curve was deter ined for R2100 compound, having k=16 and  A,50% =8 MPa Finally, the f tigue damage analysis highlighted that damage mechanisms and their evolution were independent on the type of material and notch radius and consisted of void formation and coalescence. © 2016 The Au hors. P blished by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativ commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4 0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientifi Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: Polypropylene, Recycled polypropylene, fatigue, notch sensitivity, damage evolution

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Keywords: Polypropylene, Recycled polypropylene, fatigue, notch sensitivity, damage evolution

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +0039-049-827-6751; fax: +0039-827-6785. E-mail address: giovanni.meneghetti@unipd.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +0039-049-827-6751; fax: +0039-827-6785. E-mail address: giovanni.meneghetti@unipd.it

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.282