PSI - Issue 2_A

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 3523–353 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 il l li t . i i t. Structural Integrity r i ( )

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fracture Toughness of Electron Beam Welded Fine Grain Steels Ann-Christin Hesse a , Thomas Nitschke-Pagel a , Klaus Dilger a a Institute for Joining nd Welding, TU Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 8, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany Abstract Beam welded joints made from fine grain steels show martensitic micro structure, high weld hardness and thus low toughness in the weld seam. At the same time there is a risk that these welds have crack-like defects that cannot be detected during the production and which grow due to cyclic loading. If such structures are used in areas with low ambient temperatures, it may come to brittle failure of the component. To secure compon ts against such failure, fracture mechanic tests were carried out on electron beam welded SE(B)-samples made from S355NL and S960QL and the J-integral was determined. In order to describe the scattering of the results in the temperature transition region the results were evaluated by means of the master curve concept in accordance with ASTM E 1921 (2015). Afterwards the reference temperature in the transition range, T 0 , was determined and correlated with the T 27J - temperature of Charpy V-notch tests. This correlation is part of an application concept which was used to create part 1-10 of Eurocode 3. It allows the user to ensure a safe construction with respect to brittl fracture using simple characteristic values (e.g. th Charpy impact strength). © 2016 The Aut ors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: brittle fracture; high weld hardness; Sanz correlation; fracture mech ics tests; J-integral; Master curve co cept; Charpy impact strength 1. Introduction The usage of beam weld joints has increased in the last decades due to reduced costs and increased requirements for high quality welds with verly low distortions that are offered by beam welds. During the beam welding process material is vaporized which leads to a formation of a cavity, the so-called keyhole. This keyhole allows the electron beam (EB) to penetrate deep into the workpieces and create weldments with thicknesses up to 200 mm in steel sheets. This process-related feature leads to high aspect ratios in beam welded joint, which means that their width is compared to their depth relatively low. Elmer et al. (1990), Lancaster (1984) A h a a a a I tit t f i i a l i , i , , i , l j i t i i t l t iti i t t , i l ess and t l t i t l . t t ti t i i t t t l li t t t t t t i t ti i t li l i . t t i it l i t t t , it t ittl il t t. t i t il , t i t t i t l t l l t i t l t i . t i t tt i t lt i t t t t iti i t lt l t t t t i it . t t t t i t t iti , , t i l t it t J t t t t t . i l ti i t li ti t i t t t . t ll t t t ti it t t ittl t i i l t i ti l . . t i t t t . t . li l i . . i e ibilit t i ti i itt . : rittl fr t r ; i l r ; rr l ti ; fr t r i t t ; -i t r l; t r r t; r i t tr t . troduction The usage of beam weld joints has increased in the last decades t t i i t i lit l it l l i t ti t t l . i t l i t i l i i i l t ti it , t ll l . i l ll t l t t t t i t t i t l t it t i t i t l t . i l t t l t i t ti i l j i t, i t t t i i t i t l ti l l . l t l. , t Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. t t i

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. - t r . li l i r . . i i ilit t i ti i itt .

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.439