PSI - Issue 2_A

Tarpani J.R. et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 2 (2016) 136–143 Tarpani et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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ii. Translaminar and delamination damages were visualized and characterized clearly and unequivocally in the EPX-CF laminate; iii. In general, combining sagittal and coronal section views is sufficient to entirely characterize fracture damage in laminated polymer matrix fibrous composites, implying in time and cost savings on patient examination. However, unbalanced translaminar cracks with respect to the specimen thickness demands necessarily axial tomographic section views, thus rendering the checkup more expensive and time consuming; iv. NMRI technique has proven to be a powerful tool to fully assess the structural state of continuous carbon fibre reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic polymer matrices composite laminates containing translaminar and delamination damages when immersed in a proton-rich liquid solution simulating body (plasma) fluids. Acknowledgements To FAPESP - São Paulo Research Foundation for the scholarships granted to the undergraduate student Alves C.L. (Processes 2014/00030-7 & 2014/20798-0). References Callaghan P.T. (1991) Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy, Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, 516 p. Gardner M.P., Chong A.C., Pollock A.G., Wooley P.H. (2010) Mechanical evaluation of large-size fourth-generation composite femur and tibia models, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, v.38, n.3, p.613-620. Haacke E.M.; Brown R.W.; Thompson M.R.; Venkatesan R. (1999) Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design, 1st ed., New York, USA, Wiley, 544 p. Ishida H. (2009) NMR Imaging of Composites (Chapter 3), Characterization of Composite Materials - Technology and Engineering, Eds. C. Richard Brundle, Charles A. Evans, Jr., Momentum Press, 277 p. Kokubo T., Kushitani H., Sakka S., Kitsugi T., Yamamuro T. (1990) Solutions able to reproduce in vivo surface structure changes in bioactive glass ceramic A-W, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, v.24, p.721-734. Kumar A., Irudharyan S., Naviin D. (2012) A review on importance and recent applications of polymer composites in orthopaedics, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, v.5, n.2, p.40-43. Laplante G., Marble A.E., Macmillan B., Sullivan P.L., Colpitts B.G., Balcom B.J. (2005) Detection of water ingress in sandwich structures: a magnetic resonance approach, NDT & E International, v.38, p.501-507. Lee S.M. (1995) Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology, CRC Press, Technology & Engineering, 160p. Marble A.E., Laplante G., Mastikhin I.V., Balcom B.J. (2009) Magnetic resonance detection of water in composite sandwich structures, NDT & E International, v.42, p.404-409. Mazzola A.A. (2009) Magnetic resonance: principles of image formation and applications in functional imaging, Brazilian Journal of Medical Physics, v.3, p.117-129. Noll D.C. (2001) A primer on MRI and functional MRI http://www.eecs.umich.edu/~dnoll/primer2.pdf, 14p. Purohit R., Pramod S., Ashutosh K.J.H.A., Das A.K., Gupta C., Kumar D., Shah P.K. (2012) An overview of biomedical application of composite materials, International Journal of Biotechnology and Research, v.2, n.1, p.46-61. Ramakrishna S., Mayer J., Wintermantel E., Leong K.W. (2001) Biomedical applications of polymer-composite materials: A review, Composites Science and Technology, v.61 n.9, p.1189-224 Rodríguez-González F.Á. (2009) Biomaterials in Orthopaedic Surgery. Chapter 1: Introduction to Biomaterials in Orthopaedic Surgery. ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 10p. Rothwell W.P. (1985) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Applied Optics, v.24, n.23, p.3958-3968. Rothwell W.P., Holecek D.R., Kershaw J.A. (1984) NMR imaging: study of fluid absorption by polymer composites, Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition, v.22, n.5, p.241-247. Shellock F.G. (2002) Biomedical implants and devices: assessment of magnetic field interactions with a 3.0-tesla MR system, Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, v.16, p.721-732. Williams D.F. (2008) On the mechanisms of biocompatibility, Biomaterials, v.29, n.20, p.2941-2953. Yang J., Silvestro C., Sangiorgio S.N., Borkowiski S.L., Ebramzadeh E., De Nardo L., Daraio C. (2012) Nondestructive evaluation of orthopaedic implant stability THA using highly nonlinear solitary waves, Smart Materials and Structures, v.21, n.1, p.345-353.