PSI - Issue 2_A

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 1489–1496 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fati e of superelasti NiTi wires with different pl teau strain O. Tyc a , J. Pilch b , P. Sittner b a Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering of the CTU, Department of Materials, Trojanova 13, 120 00 Praha 2, Czech Republic b Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech Republic Abstract Microstructures and thermomechanical responses of Ni-rich superelastic wires can be tuned in relatively large extent by varying the degree of cold work and heat treatment. What frequently remains unknown is the superelastic fatigue performance of the wires – whether and/or how it depends on the heat treatment. In this study, five superelastic NiTi wires (d=0.051mm) having similar transformation stresses but different microstructures and transformation strains (3.1, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.7 %) were produced from one spool of a hot worked NiTi wire by applying different cold work/heat treatments to investigate the influence of the wire microstructure (transformation strain) on its structural and functional fatigue performance. The wires were cycled in tension beyond the end of superelastic plateau at constant temperature in strain rate controlled mode until failure. It is found that various cold work/heat treatments do affect the superelastic fatigue performance of NiTi wires in a defined manner. As concerns the transformation strain dependence, the wires exhibiting large transformation strain show decreasing fatigue performance with increasing transformation strain, the wires exhibiting low transformation strain show opposite trend. On average, the furnace treated NiTi wires (recovered and precipitation hardened microstructure) showed better fatigue performance than the electropulse treated wires (nanosized but partially recrystallized microstructure). © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: NiTi alloy; heat treatment; martensitic transformation; superelasticity; fatigue; 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fatigue of superelastic NiTi wires with different plateau strain O. Tyc a , J. Pilch b , P. Sittner b a Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering of the CTU, Department of Materials, Trojanova 13, 120 00 Praha 2, Czech Republic b Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech Republic Abstract Microstructures and thermomechanical responses of Ni-rich superelastic wires can be tuned in relatively large extent by varying the degree of cold work and heat treatment. What frequently remains unkno n is the superelastic fatigu performance of the wires – wh th r and/ r how it depends on the heat treatment. In this study, five superela tic NiTi wires (d=0.051m ) having similar transformation stresses but different microstructures and transformation strains (3.1, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.7 %) were produced from one spool of a hot worked NiTi wire by applying different cold work/heat treatments to investigate the influence of the wir microstructure (transformation strain) on its structural and functional fatigue performance. The wires were cycled i tension beyond the end of superela tic pl teau at constant temperature in strain rate controlled ode until failure. It is foun that various col work/heat treatments do affect the superelastic fatigue performance of NiTi wir s in a defined manner. As concerns the transformation strain dependence, the wires exhibiting large transformation strain show decreasing fatigue performance with increasing transformation strain, the wires exhibiting low transformation strain show opposite trend. On average, the furnace treated NiTi wires (recovered a d precipitation hardened microstructure) showed better fatigue performance than the electropuls tr t wires (nanosized but partially recrystallized microstructure). © 2016 Th Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under respons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: NiTi alloy; heat treatment; martensitic transformation; superelasticity; fatigue; Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativ commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-r view under responsibility of the Scientifi Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.189