PSI - Issue 2_A

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Experimental validation and fracture properties analysis on wedge splitting concrete specimens with different initial seam-height ratios Shaowei Hu a, *, Aiqing Xu b a Materials  Structural Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, 34 Hujuguan, Nanjing 210024, China b College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China Abstract In order to study the fracture properties of non-standard concrete wedge splitting tensile specimens with different initial seam height ratios and the impact on concrete fracture toughness based on aggregates cohesive force, five groups non-standard concrete wedge splitting specimens with different initial seam height ratios as 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35 and 0.4 were designed and constructed for the experiment. Based on double-K fracture model and fictitious crack model, a new fracture toughness calculation model for non-standard concrete wedge splitting tensile specimen with different initial seam height ratios was built. The results showed that: the value of initial cracking load ini P and unstable fracture load un P decreased gradually with the increase of specimens’ i itial seam height ratio. With the i crease of seam height ratios, the value of the critical effective crack length c a showed a linearly increasing trend, but the subcritical crack propagation length c a  showed a decrease trend. The unstable fracture toughness un IC K and the cohesive toughness c IC K were affected by seam height ratios, decreased with initial seam height ratios increasing, and the initial fra ture toughness ini IC K was independent of it that could be tr t d as material constant. When calculating the initial fracture toughness ini IC K , the model in this paper could eliminate the errors caused at the moment of determining initial cracking load ini P , w ich pr v d its adva tage. For the specimens with smaller initia seam height ratio, its fracture features was influenced by maximum tension stress and showed some shearing failure. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Experimental validation and fracture properties analysis on wedge splitting concrete specimens with different initial seam-height ratios Shaowei Hu a, *, Aiqing Xu b a Materials  Structural Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, 34 Hujuguan, Nanjing 210024, China b College of Mecha ics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, Chi a Abstract In order to study the fracture properties of non-standard concrete wedge splitting tensile specimens with different initial seam height atio and the impact on concrete fracture toughness based on aggregates cohesive force, five groups non-standard concrete wedge splitting specimens with di ferent initial s am height ratios as 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35 and 0.4 were designed n structed for the experiment. Based on double-K fracture model nd fictitious crack model, a new fractur toughness alculation m del for non-standard concrete wedg splitting t nsile specimen w h diffe ent initial se m height ratios was built. The results showed that: the v lue f initial cracking load ini P and unstable fractur load un P decreased gradually with the increase of specimens’ initial se m height ratio. With the increase of seam height ratios, the value of the critical effective crack length c a showed a linearly increasing trend, but e subcritical crack propa a io length c  sh wed a decrease trend. The unstable fracture toughness un IC K and the cohesive toughness c IC K were affected by seam height ratios, decreased with initial seam height ratios increasing, and the initial fracture t ughness ini IC K w s independent of it that could be treated as m terial constant. When calculating the initial fracture toughness ini IC K , the model in this paper could eliminate the errors caused at the m ment of det rmining initial cracking load ini P , which proved its advantage. For the specimens with smaller initial seam height ratio, its fracture features was influenced by maximum tension stress and showed some shearing failure. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Els vier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: wedge splitting tensile concrete specimens; initial seam height ratio; fracture parameters; cohesive toughness; Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: wedge splitting tensile concrete specimens; initial seam height ratio; fracture parameters; cohesive toughness;

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86-139-1596-4932 . E-mail address: hushaowei@nhri.cn * Corresponding author. Tel.: +86-139-1596-4932 . E-mail address: hushaowei@nhri.cn

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.353