PSI - Issue 2_A

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable online at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 1007–1014 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sci nceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Evaluation of fatigue rack propagation in dissimilar Al/steel friction stir welds Toshifumi Kakiuchi a, *, Yoshihiko Uematsu a , Kentaro Suzuki b a Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan b Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota 471-8571, Japan The fatigue crack propagation (FCP) behavior was investigated in the interfacial boundary of the dissimilar joint between 6061 T6 aluminum (Al) alloy and type 304 stainless steel fabricated by a friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The tensile tests were conducted using the FSW Al/steel joints fabricated with different welding conditions and the tensile strength of 194 MPa was obtained in the condition of the rotating speed of 800 rpm and the tool offset of 0.2 mm. Near the welded boundary, the hardness decreased in the Al side due to the resolution of precipitates during the FSW process while the hardness increased in the steel side due to the work hardening. The compact tension (CT) specimen was sampled from the FSW joi t so that the initial o ch aligned with interfac of the joi t and side-grooves were machi ed to propagate a crack along the interface. Prior to th FCP test, re-T6 heat treatment after the FSW was conducted on the CT specimen to even the hardness in the Al side. In the FCP test using the re-heat-treated CT specimen with a side-groove, the crack propagated straight along the welded interfacial boundary and the FCP rate in the interfacial boundary was measured. The energy release rate was calculated by a finite element method (FEM) and used to evaluate the interfacial crack tip stress intensity instead of the conventional stress intensity factors. The FCP rate for the same energy release rate range was comparable or slightly faster in the interfacial boundary of the Al/steel FSW joint than that of the Al base metal. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Evaluation of fatigue crack propagation in dissimilar Al/steel friction stir welds Toshifumi Kakiuchi a, *, Yoshihiko Uematsu a , Kentaro Suzuki b a Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan b Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota 471-8571, Japan Abstract The fatigue crack propagation (FCP) behavior was investigated in the interfacial boundary of the dissimilar joint between 6061 6 aluminum (Al) alloy and type 304 stainless steel fabricated by a friction stir weldi g (FSW) t chnique. The tensile t sts were cond cted using the FSW Al/st el join s fabricat d with different weld ng conditions and the t nsile strength of 194 MPa was obtained in the condition of the rotating peed of 800 rpm and the tool offset f 0.2 mm. Near th welded boundary, the hardnes decreased in the Al s de due to the resolution f preci itates during the FSW process while har ness incre sed in the st el side du to the work har ening. The c mpact tension (CT) pecimen was sam led from th FSW joi t o that th initial notch aligned with the int face of the joint and sid - rooves were machin d to propagate a rack along the interface. Prior to the FCP test, r -T6 eat treatment after the FSW was conducted on the CT specimen to even the har ness in th Al side. In the FCP test using the re-heat-treat d CT specimen with a side- roove, th crack propagated straight lo g the welded int rfaci l boundary and the FCP rate in the interfacial boundary was measured. The energy release rate was calculat d by a finit element method (FEM) and used to evaluat the interfacial crack tip stress intensity instead of the conventional stress intensity factors. The FCP rate for the same en rgy releas ra r nge was compa able or slightly faster in the interfacial boundary of the Al/s eel FSW joint than tha of the Al base m tal. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: dissimilar welding; friction stir welding; aluminum alloy; intermetallic compound; interfacial crack; fatigue crack propagation Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access le under t CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-n -nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: dissimilar welding; friction stir welding; aluminum alloy; intermetallic compound; interfacial crack; fatigue crack propagation Abstract

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-58-293-2502; fax: +81-58-293-2491. E-mail address: kakiuchi@gifu-u.ac.jp * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-58-293-2502; fax: +81-58-293-2491. E-mail address: kakiuchi@gifu-u.ac.jp

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.129