PSI - Issue 2_A

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 2 (2016) 712–719 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Engineering Framework to Utilize Miniaturized Charpy Type SE(B) Specimens to Predict J c of Full Sized Specimens Teruhiro Yamaguchi a , Yuma Higashino a and Toshiyuki Meshii b * a Graduate Student, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan b Faculty of Engineering, U iversity of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui, 910-8507, Jap n Abstract This paper introduces our experience of using miniature Charpy type SE(B) specimen in obtaining fracture toughness J c of a material in the ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) region. Width W x thickness B of 2 x 2 mm, 3 x 3 mm and 10 x 10 mm were chosen as miniature specimens and 25 x 25 mm were chosen as full sized specimen. 0.55% carbon steel JIS S55C, whose tensile to yield stress ratio  TS /  YS was equal to 1.8 was chosen as a material to simulate a degraded (embrittled) material in the DBTT region. Focus was placed on whether cleavage fracture could be predicted for these miniaturized specim s. Another focus was placed on whether the J c of full sized specimen is predictable from the t st results of the miniature siz specimens, in case cleavage fracture were observed. The results showed that the modified Ritch-Knott-Rice (RKR) f ilure criterion (which predicts the onset of cleav ge fracture when the crack opening stress measured at 4 tim s the crack-tip opening displacement exceeds this  22c ) could predict whether cleavage fracture would occur or not. An ther finding was that, in case cleavage fracture was observed though, the critical valu  22c in the modified RKR fail re criterion was independent of specimen size, and thus, J c of the full size specimen is predictable from the miniature specimen test re ults, though M = ( W - a )  YS / J c was smalle than ASTM E1921 requir ment of 30. H re, a and  YS are crack length and yield strength, respec ively. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Engineering Fr mework t Utiliz Miniaturized Charpy Type SE(B) Specimens to Predict J c of Full Sized Specimens Teruhiro Yamaguchi a , Yuma Higashino a and Toshiyuki Meshii b * a Graduate Student, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan b Faculty of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan Abstract This paper introduces our experience of using miniature Charpy type SE(B) specimen in obtaining fracture toughness J c of a material in the ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) region. Width W x thickness B of 2 x 2 mm, 3 x 3 mm and 10 x 10 mm were chosen as miniature specimens and 25 x 25 mm were chosen as full sized specimen. 0.55% carbon steel JIS S55C, whose tensile to yield stress ratio  TS /  YS was equal to 1.8 was chosen as a material to simulate a degraded (embrittled) material in the DBTT region. Focus was placed on wheth r cleavage fracture could be predicted for these iniaturized specimens. Anoth r focus was placed on wh ther the J c of full sized sp cimen is predictable from the test results of the miniature sized specimens, in case cleavage fracture were observed. The results showed that the modified Ritch-Knott-Rice (RKR) failure criterion (which predicts the onset of cleavage fracture when the crack opening stress measured at 4 times the crack-ti opening displacement exceeds this  22c ) could predict whether cleavage fracture would occur or not. Another finding was that, in case cl avage fracture was observed though, the critical value  22c in the modified RKR failure criterion was independent of specimen size, and thus, J c of the full sized specimen is predictable from the miniature specimen t st results, though M = ( W - a )  YS / J c was sma l r tha ASTM 1921 requirement of 30. Her , and  YS re crack length and yie d strength, respectively. © 2016 The Auth rs. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientifi Committee of ECF21. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsi ility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. K eywords: cleavage fracture ; miniatuarized sp cimen ; fracture toughness ; ductile to brittle transion temperature region ; Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. K eywords: cleavage fracture ; miniatuarized specimen ; fracture toughness ; ductile to brittle transion temperature region ;

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-776-27-8468; fax: +81-776-27-9764. E-mail address : meshii@u-fukui.ac.jp

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-776-27-8468; fax: +81-776-27-9764. E-mail address : meshii@u-fukui.ac.jp 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.092 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.