PSI - Issue 17

S. Mousa et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 17 (2019) 284–291 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

287

4

load. the material property of FGM composite specimen is simulated as engineering constant with using the mechanical properties in table 1.

aaa

ddd

P

(a)

W



P

(b)

2L

S

Fig. 2. Geometry and boundary condition of for 3PB specimen for different: (a) Pre-crack angle and (b) Pre-crack site. The typical finite element meshes for the bend specimen is shown in Fig. 3. C3D8R, an 8-node linear brick element, with reduced integration were used to simulate the 3PB specimens. The mesh is refined to obtain more accuracy in results. hhh aaaaa

Figure 3. FE model mesh of 3PB specimen.

4. Results and Discussion 4.1. Experimental results

Figure 4 depicts the effect of pre-crack inclination angle  , of FGM specimen on the load versus the deflection curve under bending load. The applied load increases by increasing the value of deflection until it reaches the peak value, then it gradually decreases due to the failure of the specimen. The peak value of the applied load increases by increasing the value of pre-crack inclination angle. At the maximum applied load, the specimen begin to fail. The failure of FGM specimen under bending load can be caused due to shear and opening mode as shown in figure 5. The crack which grows from the pre-crack is growing toward to the site of loading. The fiber is denser at the outer surface of the specimen so that, the crack must be retarded when it close to outer