PSI - Issue 16

Valentyn Uchanin et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 16 (2019) 198–204 Valentyn Uchanin, Giuseppe Nardoni / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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5. Conclusions

Double differential type EC probes as effective tool for inspection of ferrous steel structures and components are presented. The possibilities to detect cracks through dielectric coatings of different thicknesses (or with different clearance between probe and inspected surface) and through aluminum coating in ferrous steel components were investigated. The dependences of ultimate dielectric coating thicknesses on the crack depths were proposed and plotted for the detectability and sensitivity estimation for cracks detected through dielectric coating. Few important gas turbine maintenance problems were successfully solved due to the developed techniques application, such as:

 detection of the cracks situated in fillet area of gas turbine blades;  detection of the cracks situated on sidewall of gas turbine holes.

For this purpose special EC probe with long handle and rotating EC explorer with double differential EC probe were developed. Developed techniques were successfully applied for gas turbine inspection in different countries. Array type EC probe for operation in connection with one-channel flaw detectors was developed and investigated. Developed array type EC probes guarantee the better productivity and flaw detection reliability during the inspection of ferrous steel forgings. References Abassi, W., Rahman, S., Metala, M., 2008. NDE Inspection and Lifetime Assessment of Turbine Equipment, Proc. of the Conferenc e “Power Gen International 2008”, Orlando , Florida (www.energy.siemens.com). Blahnio, J., Bogdan, M., Kulaszka, A., 2011. New Nondestructive Methods Diagnosing Health of Gas Turbine Blades. Advances in Gas Turbine Technology. INTHECH, Rijeka, 465 – 498. Georgiou, G.A., 2011. Non-destructive testing and evaluation of metals. Material science and engineering. Vol. III. Jacobi Consulting Limited, London, UK (www.eolss.net). Guidelines for non-destructive examination of hull and machinery steel forgings, 2010. Recommendation of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) 68, 18 (www.iacs.org.uk) Lutcenko, G., Uchanin, V., Mischenko V., Opanasenko A., 2012. Eddy Currents Versus Magnetic Particles. 18th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing. Durban, South Africa. Mook, G., Hesse, J., Uchanin, V., 2007. Deep Penetrating Eddy Currents and Probes. Materials Testing. 49 (5), 258 – 264. Nardoni, G., Uchanin, V., Nardoni, P., Nardoni D., 2014. Detection of Surface and Subsurface Defects in Ferrous Steel Components and New Inspection Technologies Development. 11th Europ. Conf. on Nondestructive Testing, Prague. Czech Republic. Nardoni, G., Uchanin, V., Nardoni, P., 2017. Application of double differential type eddy current probes for gas turbine component inspection. 14-th Internernational Conference “ Application of Contemporary Non- Destructive Testing in Engineering”. Bernardin, Slovenia, 199 – 206. Opanasenko, A., Iurchenko, A., Lutsenko, G., Uchanin, V., 2016. Eddy Current Multi- Channel Мodule f or In-line High-speed Inspection of Railroad Rails. 19 th World Conf. on Nondestructive Testing. Munich. Germany. Uchanin, V., 2001. New type multidifferencial eddy current probes for surface and subsurface flaw detection. Zeszyty problemowe. Badania nieniszczące , Warsaw. Poland. 6, 201 – 204. Uchanin, V., Grabskij, Yu., 1992. Eddy current transducer, USSR authors ce rtificate № 1767409 (G01N27/90) (In Russian). Uchanin, V., Mook, G., Stepinski, T., 2002. The investigation of deep penetrating high resolution EC probes for subsurface flaw detection and sizing. Proc. 8-th Europ. Conf. for Nondestructive Testing. Barcelona, Spain. Uchanin, V., Lutcenko, G., Nikonenko, A., 2006. Automated Eddy Current System for Flaw Detection and Sizing during In-service Stainless Steel Tube Inspection. 9-th Europ. Conf. on Nondestructive Testing. Berlin, Germany. Uchanin, V., Lutsenko, G., Dzhaganian, А ., Nikonenko, A., 2010. Eddy Current Inspection of Steel Castings with Roughly Finished Surfaces. 10 Europ. Conf. on Nondestructive Testing. Moscow, Russia. Uchanin, V., 2013. Surface double differential type eddy current probes (in Ukrainian). Spolom, Lviv, pp. 266. Uchanin V., 2014. Invariant parameter for eddy current coil efficiency estimation, 11-th European Conference on Nondestructive Testing. Prague, Czech Republic. Uchanin, V., Nardoni, G., Nardoni, P., Bentoglio, M., 2017. New eddy current one-channel array probe for efficient inspection of tube forgings. 14-th International Conference “ Application of Contemporary Non-Destructive Testing in Engineering”. Bernardin, Slovenia , 213 – 217.