PSI - Issue 14

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 14 (2019) 273–281 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Ultrasonic Testing as Alternative for Radiography for Evaluation of PFBR Blanke Pin End Plug Weld Integrity Altaf Ali a, *, Anish Kumar b , Kamalesh Kumar a , YRC Murthy a , B.Ravinder a , Komal Kapoor a , C. Phani Babu a a Nuclear Fuel Complex, Hyderabad 500062, India b Indira Gandhi Centre For Atomic Research, HBNI, Kalpakkam 603102, India Abstract Radial blanket pins of Pr totype Fast Breed Reactor (PFBR) are made by encapsulating Deeply Depleted UO 2 (DDUO 2 ) pellets in a D9 austenitic stainless steel clad tube. The ends of the tubes are sealed by TIG welding of end plugs at both the ends. This is a critical weld as any failure will lead to spread of radioactivity in sodium coolant circuit of PFBR. At present, integrity of these welds is ensured by 100% radiography by using double wall single image full compensating block tangential radiography method. The present work aims at understanding the nature of defects encountered in the end plug welds and developing an Ultrasonic Testing (UT) methodology in lieu of radiography for qualification of the end plug welds. Typical defects have been examined by metallography and statistical analysis of weld zone has been carried out. A detailed analysis on various parameters affecting detection of tight lack of penetration (LOP) defects in radiography has also been carried out. A UT technique based on B-scan imaging in pulse-echo mode has been explored for inspection of end plug weld. Testing has been carried out with a highly damped spherically point focused 20 MHz transducer to produce 45 0 shear wave in weld joint area. End plug welds with different types of natural defects have been generated by varying different TIG welding parameters. UT and radiography of the same have been carried out. LOP has been detected with good sensitivity and UT results show good correlation with radiography. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Ultrasonic Testing as Alternative for Radiography for Evaluation of PFBR Blanket Pin End Plug Weld Integrity Altaf Ali a, *, Anish Kumar b , Kamalesh Kumar a , YRC Murthy a , B.Ravinder a , Komal K poor a , C. Phani Babu a a Nuclear uel Co plex, Hyderabad 500062, India b Indira Gandhi Centre For Atomic Research, HBNI, Kalpakkam 603102, India Abstract Radial blank t pin of Prototype F st Br eder R actor (PFBR) are made by encapsulating Deeply Depleted UO 2 (DDUO 2 ) pellet in a D9 austenitic stainless steel c ad tube. The ends of the tubes are sealed by TIG weld ng of end plugs at bo h th ends. This is a critical weld as an failure will lead to spread of radioactivity in sodium coolant circuit of PFBR. At present, integ ity f these w lds is ensured by 100% radiography by using double wall single image full compensating block tange tial radiography method. The present work aims at understanding the n ture f defects encounter d i the end plug welds and developing a Ultrasonic Testing (UT) metho ology in ieu of radiography for qualification of the end plug welds. Typical defects have been exami ed by metallography and statistical analysis of weld zo e has been carried out. A det ile analysis on various par meters affe ting detectio of tight lack of penetration (LOP) defects in radiography has also been carried out. A UT technique b sed on B-scan imaging in pulse-echo mode has been explored for inspection of end plug weld. Testing has been carried out with a highly damped spherically point focused 20 MHz transducer to produce 45 0 shear wave in w ld joint area. End plug welds with different types of natural defects hav been generated by varyi g differe t TIG welding parameters. UT and radiography of the same have been carried out. LOP has been detected with good sensitivity and UT results show good correlation with radiography. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creat vecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under respon ibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: PFBR; Radial blanket pin; Radiography Testing; Ultrasonic Testing; SNR; B-scan Keywords: PFBR; Radial blanket pin; Radiography Testing; Ultrasonic Testing; SNR; B-scan

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-40-2718-3631; E-mail address: altafali@nfc.gov.in * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +91-40-2718-3631; E-mail address: altafali@nfc.gov.in

2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creat vecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.035