PSI - Issue 14

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 14 (2019) 15 –157 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Tensile testing of single fibres Ramesh Babu Adusumalli*, Karthik Chethan Venkateshan, Chandrakala Kunchi, Surya R. Vadlamani BITS, Pilani; Department of Chemical Engineering, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar nagar, Kapra (Mandal); Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, INDIA Abstract Glass, flax and aramid fibres are used widely in making composites. These fibres have diameter between 10-20 µm and these are converted to yarn/roving to make woven preforms. Similarly, paper is made from individual cellulose fibres, but in the form of nonwoven mat. Fibres such as flax, jute, viscose and hair are widely used in textile products. These fibres differ greatly in chemical composition, homogeneity and degree of crystallinity. Fibres are solid in nature, but some of them are partly hollow having lumen (flax, pulp) or medulla (hair) in their central axis. Tensile testing of these short length fibres is crucial for many applications, but it is tedious due to their small diameters (<100 µm) and small loads (mN) required for fracture. Paper frame technique adopted t o test these single fibres is discussed and corresponding stress-strain diagrams are compared between glass, hair and cellulose fibres. Fractography of these fibres were also carried out using scanning electron microscopy. Nanoindentation was also performed on single fibre cross-sections to measure the modulus. Since the fibres chosen have different packing geometry and crystallinity in different directions, indentation modulus reveale different value compa ed to t ns le modulus. But glass fibre revealed 70 GPa of modulus in both tensile and nanoindentation tests, because it is a isot opic fibre. T sted fibres have strength from anywhere between 200-3000 MPa and elong tion ranging from 4% to 45 %. Weibull statistics was also performed and weibull modulus was found to be low for natural fibres compared to man made fibres. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Tensile testing of single fibres Ramesh Babu Adusumalli*, Karthik Chethan Venkateshan, Chandrakala Kunchi, Surya R. Vadl mani BITS, Pilani; Department of Chemical Engineering, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar nagar, Kapra (Mandal); Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, INDIA Abstract Glass, flax and aramid fibres are used widely in aking composites. These fibres have d ameter betw en 10-20 µm and these are c vert d to yarn/roving to make woven preforms. Similarly, paper is mad from in ividual cellulos fibr s, but in the for of n nw ven mat. Fibr s such as flax, jute, viscose a d hair a widely used i extile products. T se fibres differ greatly in chemical composition, homogeneity and degree of crystallinity. Fibr s are solid in nature, bu some of them are partly hollow h ving lumen (flax, p lp) or medulla (h ir) in th ir central axis. Te sile testing of these short l ngth fibres is crucial or any applications, but it is edious due to th ir mall diameters (<100 µm) and small loads (mN) required for fracture. Paper frame technique adopted t o test these single fibres is discussed nd cor esponding stre s-strain diagrams are c mpared between gl ss, hair and cellulose fibres. Fractography of these fibres w re also carrie o t usi g scann ng electron microscopy. Nanoindentati n was also performed o s ngle fibre cross- ections to measure the modulus. Sin e the fibres ch sen have different packing geomet y and crystallinity in different direc ions, n e tatio modulus rev aled different v lue compared to ten ile modulus. Bu glass fibre revealed 70 GPa f modulus in both tensile and nanoindentati n tests, because it i isotropic fibre. Te ted fibres have strength from anywhere between 200-3000 MPa nd elongation r nging from 4% to 45 %. Weibull statistics was also performed and weibull modulus was found to be low for natural fibres compared t man made fibres. © 2018 The Author . Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: Single fibres; Tensile testing; Nanoindentation; Modulus; Fibre anisotropy; Weibull statistics Keywords: Single fibres; Tensile testing; Nanoindentation; Modulus; Fibre anisotropy; Weibull statistics Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.:+91-40-66303-554; Fax: +91-40-66303-998 E-mail address : ramesh.babu@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in * Corresponding author. Tel.:+91-40-66303-554; Fax: +91-40-66303-998 E-mail address : ramesh.babu@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in

2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.020