PSI - Issue 14

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 14 (2019) 259–264 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural I tegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Effect of Strain Induced Martensite Reversal on the Degree of Sensitization of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel Sourabh Shukla * , Awanikumar P. Patil Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur – 440010, India Abstract Effect of reversion of strain induced martensite on degree of sensitization (DOS) of Cr-Mn Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) have been examined. The martensite reversion is known to be effective in refining the grain size of metastable ASS. However, martensitic reversal takes place only after severe cold rolling reductions. In this study, the effect of degree of cold rolling and subsequent thermal ageing on the microstructure, mechanical, and sensitization properties of a metastable Cr-Mn ASS was investigated. Samples were cold worked (25% and 45%) and then thermal aged at different temperature of 700°C and 900°C for 2 hrs. Microstructures were subjected to optical microscopy. Microstructural study shows that with increasing thermal ageing temperature, strain induced martensite undergoes reversal to austenite and is associated with grain refinement. XRD analysis has revealed that at 25% cold work, volume fraction of martensite was 24%, and as cold work was increased to 45%, the volume fraction of martensite was 42%. Whereas after thermal ageing at 700°C, part of strain induced martensite undergo reversal to austenite and only 18% martensite is left in the matrix. On thermal ageing at 900°C, only 2% strain induced martensite was left in the matrix. Hardness also follows the same trend as observed for volume fraction of martensite during cold work and subsequent thermal ageing. As the cold work percentage increases, hardness and volume fraction increases but as thermal ageing temperature increases, both hardness and volume fraction of martensite decrease rapidly. Degree of sensitization (DOS) decreases with increasing thermal ageing temperature. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open acce s rticle un he CC BY-NC-ND licens (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and pe r-review under responsib lity of Peer-review und r respons bility of t e SICE 2018 organizers. Keywords : Cold work; sensitization; strain induced martensite 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Effect of Strain Induced Martensite Reversal on the Degree of Sensitization of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel Sourabh Shukla * , Awanikumar P. Patil Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur – 440010, India Abstract Effect of reversion of strain induced martensite on degree of sensitization (DOS) of Cr-Mn Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) have been examined. The martensite reversion is known to be eff ctive i refining the grain siz of metastable ASS. However, mart nsitic revers l takes place only after severe cold rolling reductions. In this study, the effect of degree of cold rolling and subsequent ther al ageing on the microstructure, mechanical, and sensitization properties of a metastable Cr-Mn ASS was investigated. Samples were cold worked (25% nd 45%) and then thermal aged at different temperature of 700°C and 900°C for 2 hrs. Microstructures w re subjected to optical microscopy. Microstructural study shows that with incr asing thermal ageing t mperature, strain induced martensite undergoes reversal to austenite and is associate ith grain refinement. XRD analysis has revealed that at 25% cold work, volume fraction of martensite was 24%, and as cold work was incr ased to 45%, the volume fraction of martensite was 42%. Whereas after thermal ageing t 700°C, part of strain induced martensite undergo reversal to austenite and only 18% martensite is left in the matrix. On thermal ageing at 900°C, only 2% strain induce martensite was left in t trix. Hardness als foll ws the same trend as observed for volume fraction f mart nsite during cold work and subsequent thermal ageing. As the cold work percentage increases, hardness and volume fraction increases but as thermal ageing temperature increases, both hardness and volum fraction of martensite decrease rapidly. Degree of sensitization (DOS) decreases with increasing thermal ageing temperature. 8 he Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access rticle u d r the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection d peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. Keywords : Cold work; sensitization; strain induc d martensite © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. * Co responding author. Tel.: +91-8983735809 E-mail address: sourabhshukla9876@gmail.com * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +91-8983735809 E-mail address: sourabhshukla9876@gmail.com Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creat vecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.033