PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 13 (2018) 837–842 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Fatigue behavior of single-crystal nano-sized Cu beams Per Hansson a* a Division of Mechanics, Lund University,P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden Abstract It is well-known that the response to mechanical loading of nano-sized metal structures differs from what applies to the macroscopic scale, and often non-intuitive behaviors are revealed. Here beams of square cross section, containing defects in terms of voids and loaded in fatigue with R = 0 under displacement controlled conditions, are investigated. The structures under consideration are single-crystal copper beams, chosen since such elements are common parts of a large variety of products found on the market today. The aim is to determine the resistance against fatigue failure through 3D molecular dynamic simulations. The simulations have been performed employing the 3D molecular dynamics free-ware LAMMPS. The outcome of the investigations will highlight the influence of defects on the fatigue resistance at the nano-scale. The knowledge gained will give input into how to design structures on the nano-scale considering the presence of defects. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer- eview under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywo ds: defect an -beams; fatigu loading; sing e-crystal Cu 1. Introduction Nanotechnology is today a natural part of engineering science and applicable to an increasing number of fields and it is possible to precision manufacture structures with measures down to nanometers, i.e. structures with properties determined on the atomic scale. Examples of well-established areas for this technology is electronics and medicine, for instance random access memories and solar cells, or medical sensors built from materials sensitive to specific bio markers. The manufacturing of nano-components is an advanced technological process and large efforts are devoted to achieve cost-efficient mass-production without compromising precision or reproducibility, cf. e.g. Ahmed and Ali (2014). A complication for nano-devices stems from the established fact that the material properties of metals become size-dependent at small scales. Among the most important conclusions from experiments is that it is the relative number of surface atoms as compared to bulk atoms that influences the mechanical properties, cf. e.g. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Fatigue behavior of single-crystal nano-sized Cu beams Per Hansson a* a Division of Mechanics, Lund University,P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden Abstract It is well-known that the response to mechanical loading of n no-sized metal structures differs from what applies to the macroscopic scale, nd often n -intuitiv behaviors re revealed. Here beams of square cross section, cont ining defects in terms of void nd loa ed in fatigue with R = 0 under displac m nt controlled conditions, are investigated. The structur s under consideration are single-crystal copper beams, chosen since such eleme s ar common parts of a large variety of prod ct found on the market today. The aim is to determine t e r si tance against fatigue failure through 3D molecul dynamic simulatio s. The simulations h ve be n performe employing the 3D molecular dynamics ree-ware LAMMPS. The o tcome of the investigations will highlight the influence of defects on the fatigue resistance at the nano-scale. The knowledge gained will give inpu into how to desi n s ructures on the nano-scale consider ng th presence of d fects. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under respons bility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: defect nano-beam ; fatigue loading; single-crystal Cu 1. Introduction Nanotechnology is today a natural part of engineering science and applicable to an increasing number of fields and it is possible t precision ma ufacture structures with measur s down to nanometers, i. . tructures with properties determined on the atomic scale. Examples of well-established areas for this technology is electronics and medicin , for instance random access memories and s lar cells, or medical sensors built from materials sensitive to specifi bio markers. Th manufacturing of nano-c mponents is an advanced technological process and large efforts are devoted to achi ve cost-efficient mass-producti without compromising precision or reproducibility, cf. e.g. Ahmed and Ali (2014). A complication for nano-devices stems from the established fact that the material properties of metals become size-de endent at small scales. Among the ost important conclusions from experiments is that it is the relativ number of surface atoms as compared to bulk atoms that influences the mechanical p op rties, cf. e.g. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +46462223078;E-mail address: per.hansson@mek.lth.se * Corresponding author. Tel.: +46462223078;E-mail address: per.hansson@mek.lth.se

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 o ganizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.160