PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 13 (2018) 161–167 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Int grity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Effect of the geometrical defectiveness on the mechanical properties of SLM biomedical Ti6Al4V lattices M. Dallago a *, F. Zanini b , S. Carmignato b , D. Pasini c , M. Benedetti a a Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy b Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Stradella San Nicola 3, Vicenza, Italy c Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Abstract Metallic lattice biomaterials can be very complex structures that are often impossible to be fabricated with other manufacturing technologies than additive manufacturing (AM). Residual stresses and geometric defects such as severe notches and distorted struts are inevitably introduced into the printed structures and these can affect the mechanical and biological properties. Micro X-ray Computed Tomography (µCT) has been proven to be a very powerful tool for accurately measuring the mismatch between the as designed CAD model and the SLM structure. In this work, selective laser melting (SLM) Ti6Al4V lattices were measured using a metrological µCT system to identify and classify the geometrical distortions introduced by the printing process. The µCT measurements have also been us d to build Finite Element (FE) models bas d on beam eleme ts that ake possibl a quantification of the effect of t ese d fects on the elastic modulus of the latt ce by compari on with FE models bas d on the ideal geometry. Moreover, solid FE models of the junctions b twee the struts have been built by importing th CT data i Ansys® to calculate the stress concentrations caused by the severe notches. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Cellular materials; Computed tomography; Finite elements; Selective laser melting 1. Introduction The u e of m tallic cellular materials in structural c mponents is increasing in the biomedical, aeronautical, automotive sectors (Zhao et al., 2016a) thanks to the advent of additive manufacturing that makes possible to obtain © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Effect of the geometrical defectiveness on the mechanical properties of SLM biomedical Ti6Al4V lattices M. Dallago a *, F. Zanini b , S. Carmignato b , D. Pasini c , M. Benedetti a a Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy b Department of Manage t and Engineering, University of Padova, Stradella San Nico a 3, Vicenza, Italy c Department of Mechanical E gineering, McGill University, Montre l, Quebec, Canada Abstract Metallic lattice biomaterials can be very complex structures that are often impossible to be fabricated with other manufacturing technologies than additive manufacturing (AM). Re idual stresses nd geometric defects such as sever notc es and distorted struts are i evitably intro uced into the printed structur and these can affect the mechanical and biological properties. Micro X-ray Computed Tomography (µCT) as been proven to be a very powerful tool for accur tely measuring the mismatch between the as designed CAD model and the SLM structure. I this work, selective laser melting (SLM) Ti6Al4V lattices were measured using a metrologi al µCT system to identify and classify the geometrical distortio s introduced by the printing proce s. The µCT asurements have al o been used to build Finite Element (FE) models based beam elem nts that make possible a quantification of the effect of th se defects on the elastic modulus f the lattice by comparison with FE models b s n the ideal ge metry. Moreover, solid FE models of the junctions between the struts have een built by importing the CT dat in Ansys® to calculat the stress concentrations caused by the severe notches. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Cellular materials; Computed tomography; Finite elements; Selective laser melting 1. Introduction The use of metallic cellular materials in structural components is increasing in the biomedical, aeronautical, autom tiv secto s (Zhao et al., 2016a) tha ks to the advent of additive anufacturi g that mak s possible to obtain © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 o ganizers. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +0-000-000-0000 ; fax: +0-000-000-0000 . E-mail address: michele.dallago@unitn.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +0-000-000-0000 ; fax: +0-000-000-0000 . E-mail ad ress: michele.dallago@unitn.it

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.027