PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at ww.sciencedire t.com Sci ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 184 –1844 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural I t grity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Effect of socket depth on failure type of fasteners Barış Tanrıkulu a,b *, M. Burak Toparli a , Emrah Kılınçdemir a , Sezgin Yurtdaş a , Umut İnce a a Norm C  vata San. ve Tic. A. Ş ., A.O.S.B., Izmir, Turkey b Dokuz Eylül University Mechanical Engineering Department, Izmir, Turkey Abstract In this study, the effect of socket depth on failure types of fasteners were investigated in detail. Socket depth plays a vital role in structural integrity of fasteners particularly in weight reduction studies. Therefore, experimental studies were carried out by cold forged bolts having various socket depths. Fatigue and torque-tension tests were conducted to examine the critical socket depths under different loading types. Finite element a alysis were also performed using SIMUFACT FORMING software. According to experimental and numerical investigations, it was shown that the socket depth has significant influence on failure mechanism of fasteners. Depending on the depth of sockets, the locations of the failures were shifted from the threads to the head of fasteners. The main reason for this type of shift was associated with the higher stress levels due to decrease in cross-sectional area of fastener heads. Consequently, it was shown that the critical socket depth is very important parameter in terms of structural integrity of fasteners and it has to be taken into account in the design stage of the every fasteners. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Fastener; socket depth; failure; weight reduction 1. Introduction The importance of weight reduction in transportation industry has become very crucial considering the increase in crude oil prices and enforcement in CO2 emission (95 g/km) in Europe, which will be implemented in 2023. One of the main components of automotive, fasteners have been also affected from this weight reduction efforts. Considering the structural integrity and strict standards defined for the thread region, most of the weight reduction studies are concentrating on the head region. There are various parameters investigated in the literature having effect on fatigue © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review u der r sponsibility of th ECF22 rganizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Effect of socket depth on failure type of fasteners Barış Tanrıkulu a,b *, M. Burak Toparli a , Emrah Kılınçdemir a , Sezgin Yurtdaş a , Umut İnce a a Norm C  vata San. ve Tic. A. Ş ., A.O.S.B., Izmir, Turkey b Dokuz Eylül Universi y Mechanical Engineering Department, Izmir, Turkey Abstract In this study, the effect of socket depth on failure types of fasteners were investigated in detail. Socket depth plays a vital role in structural integrity of fasteners particularly in weight reduction studies. Therefore, xperimental studies were carried out by cold forged bolts having various socket depths. Fatigue and torque-tension tests were conducted to examine th critical socket depths under different loading types. Finite lement analysis were also performed using SIMUFACT FORMING software. A cording to exp rimental and numerical investigations, it was ho n that the so ket epth has significant influence on f lure me hanism of fast ners. Depending on the depth of s ckets, the locations of the failures were shifted from the threads to the head of f steners. The main reaso for this type of s ift was associated with the higher stress levels due to decrease in cross-sectional rea of fastener heads. Consequently, it was shown that the critical socket dept is v ry important parameter in term of structural integrity of fasteners and it has to be taken into account in the design stag of the every fasteners. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Fastener; socket depth; failure; weight reduction 1. Introduction The importance of weight reduction in transportation industry has become very crucial considering the increase in crude oil prices and enforcement in CO2 emission (95 g/km) in Europe, which will be implemented in 2023. One of the main components of automotive, fasteners have been also affected from this eight reduction efforts. Considering the structural integrity and strict standards defined for the thread region, most of the weight reduction studies are concentrating on the head region. There are various parameters investigated in the literature having effect on fatigue © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 o ganizers. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 505 633 5627 E-mail address: baris.tanrikulu@norm-fasteners.com.tr * Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 505 633 5627 E-mail ad ress: baris.tanrikulu@norm-fasteners.com.tr

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.331