PSI - Issue 13

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ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 2184–2189 ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Corrosion cracking of carbon steels of different structure in the hydrogen sulfide environment under static load M.S. Khoma, V.R. Ivashkiv, M.R. Chuchman, Ch.B. Vasyliv, N.B. Ratska, B.M. Datsko Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute NAS of Ukraine, 5, Naukova str., Lviv, 79601, Ukraine, Abstract Hydrogen sulfide corrosion is one of the main reasons of steels destruction in the oil and gas industry. Damages appear as a result of corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement, and corrosion cracking occurs when the load is applied. The influence of the steels structure on its stress corrosion cracking under the loads in hydrogen sulfide environment is insufficiently studied. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the steels structure on its corrosion, hydrogenation and corrosion cracking in the NACE hydrogen sulfide solution. It was established that the corrosion rate and hydrogenation of steel У8 in the NACE solution grows when the structure dispersion increases from perlite to sorbite, troostite and martensite. The corrosion rate and hydrogenation of steel 45 are the greatest in pearlite-ferrite, while the smallest - in sorbite. The corrosion of steels У8 and 45 in the NACE solution is localized: the average size of the ulcers is 50 ... 80 μm on the steel У8 and 45 ... 65 μm on steel 45. The depth of ulcers is maximal on the steel У8 with the martensite structure (~ 260 μm) and on the steel 45 with the troostite structure (~ 210 μm). Static load (σ = 300 MPa) increases the hydrogenation of steels in the hydrogen sulfide environment. The concentration of hydrogen in steel У8 with troostite structure increases by ~ 1.8 times. The concentration of hydrogen in steel 45 with troostite and martensite structures increases by ~ 1.2...1.3 and by ~ 1.4...1.6 times, respectively. The steel У8 with martensite and perlite structures and steel 45 with troostite structure has the lowest resistance to corrosion cracking. Steels destruction depends on both hydrogen permeation and the corrosion localization, which leads to the increase of the microelectrochemical heterogeneity of the surfaces. Keywords: hydrogen sulfide; corrosion;, stee; structure; hydrogenation 1. Introduction . Hydrogen sulfide in oil and gas, marine and geothermal water, etc., intensifies hydrogenation of steels and its specific corrosion-mechanical destruction. Insoluble corrosion products on the metal surface can accelerate or inhibit the absorption of hydrogen and affect subsequent corrosion-mechanical processes. Formation of pyrite (FeS 2 ), troilite © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Corrosion cracking of carbon steels of different structure in the hydrogen sulfide environment under static load M.S. Khoma, V.R. Ivashkiv, M.R. Chuchman, Ch.B. Vasyliv, N.B. Ratska, B.M. Datsko Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute NAS of Ukraine, 5, Naukova str., Lviv, 79601, Ukraine, Abstract Hydrogen sulfide corrosion is one of the main reasons of steels destruction in the oil and gas industry. Damages appear as a result of corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement, and corrosion cracking occurs when the load is applied. The influence of the steels structure on its stress corrosion cracking under the loads in hydrogen sulfide environment is insufficiently studied. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the steels structure on its corrosion, hydrogenation and corrosion cracking in the NACE hydrogen sulfide solution. It was established that the corrosion rate and hydrogenation of steel У8 in the NACE solution grows when the structure dispersion increases from perlite to sorbite, troostite and martensite. The corrosion rate and hydrogenation of steel 45 are the greatest in pearlite-ferrite, while the smallest - in sorbite. The corrosion of steels У8 and 45 in the NACE solution is localized: the average size of the ulcers is 50 ... 80 μm on the steel У8 and 45 ... 65 μm on steel 45. The depth of ulcers is maximal on the steel У8 with the martensite structure (~ 260 μm) and on the steel 45 with the troostite structure (~ 210 μm). Static load (σ = 300 MPa) increases the hydrogenation of steels in the hydrogen sulfide environment. The concentration of hydrogen in steel У8 with troostite structure increases by ~ 1.8 times. The concentration of hydrogen in steel 45 with troostite and martensite structures increases by ~ 1.2...1.3 and by ~ 1.4...1.6 times, respectively. The steel У8 with martensite and perlite structures and steel 45 with troostite structure has the lowest resistance to corrosion cracking. Steels destruction depends on both hydrogen permeation and the corrosion localization, which leads to the increase of the microelectrochemical heterogeneity of the surfaces. Keywords: hydrogen sulfide; corrosion;, stee; structure; hydrogenation 1. I troducti n . Hydrogen sulfide in oil and gas, marine and geothermal water, etc., intensifies hydrogenation of steels and its specific corrosion-mechanical destruction. Insoluble corrosion products on the met l surface can accelerate or inhibit th absorptio of hydrogen and aff ct subseque t corrosion-mechanical processes. Formation of pyrite (FeS 2 ), troilite © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. 2452-3216 © 2018 M.S. Khoma, V.R. Ivashkiv, M.R. Chuchman, Ch.B. Vasyliv, N.B. Ratska, B.M. Datsko. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 M.S. Khoma, V.R. Ivashkiv, M.R. Chuchman, Ch.B. Vasyliv, N.B. Ratska, B.M. Datsko. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.143

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