PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at ww.sciencedire t.com Sci ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 1414–142 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural I t gri y Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity The hydrogen trapping ability of TiC and V 4 C 3 by thermal desorption spectroscopy and permeation experiments T. Depover*, E . Van den Eeckhout, K. Verbeken Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium Abstract Hydrogen (H) presence in metals is detrimental as unpredictable failure might occur. Recent developments in material’s design indicated that microstructural features such as precipitates play an essential role in potentially increasing the resistance against H induced failure. This work evaluates the H trapping characteristics for TiC and V 4 C 3 by thermal desorption spectroscopy and permeation experiments. Two microstructural conditions are compared: as quenched vs. quenched and tempered, in which the carbides are introduced. The tempered induced precipitates are able to deeply trap a significant amount of H, which decreases the H diffusivity in the materials and removes some of the detrimental H from the microstructure. For microstructural design purposes, it is important to know the position of H. Here, H is demonstrated to be trapped at the carbide/matrix interface by modifying the tempering treatment. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Pe r-review under respon ibili y of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: thermal desorpti n spectroscopy, permea ion experiment , hydrogen t apping, hydrogen dif usivity, carbides 1. Intro uction As a clean energy carrier, hydrogen (H) can catalyze an energy revolution. Lately, the H based economy has regained attention (Brandon et al. (2017)). An increased H 2 production can aid to address the climate change. Though, the development of a H economy has been recognized to be challenging. Also the offshore industry encounters H related concerns since corrosion is there tackled by cathodic protection, forming H as a byproduct (Olden et al. (2009)). Moreover, high strength steels are gradually more used in the automotive industry, as they guarantee an improved safety tog the with weight d ct on. Howev r, thes st els are, unfortunately, reported to be more prone to H induced failure. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity The hydrogen trapping ability of TiC and V 4 C 3 by thermal desorption spect oscopy and permeation experiments T. Depover*, E . Van den Eeckhout, K. Verbeken Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium Abstract Hydrogen (H) presence in metals is detrimental as unpredictable failure might occur. Recent developments in material’s design indicated that microstructural features such as precipitates play an essential role in potentially increasing the resistance again t H uced failure. Thi work evaluates the H trapping characteristics for TiC and V 4 C 3 by thermal desorption spectroscopy and perm ation experiments. Two microstructural conditions re compared: as quenched vs. quenched and tempered, in which the ca bides are introduced. The te pe ed ind ced precipitates are able to deeply trap a significant amount of H, which decreases H diffu ivity in the materials and r moves some of the detriment l H from the microstructure. For icrostructural design purposes, it is important to know the position of H. Her , H is demonstrated to be trapped at the arbide/matrix interface by modifying the tempering treatment. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer- eview under resp sibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: hermal desorption spectroscopy, perm ation experime ts, hydrogen trapping, hydrogen diffusivity, carb des 1. Introduction As a clean energy carrier, hydrogen (H) can catalyze an energy revolution. Lately, the H based economy has regained attention (Brandon et al. (2017)). An increased H 2 production can aid to address the climate change. Though, the development of a H economy has been recognized to be challenging. Also the offshore industry encounters H related concerns since corrosion is th re tackled by cathodic protection, forming H as a byproduct (Olden et al. (2009)). Mor ov r, high st ength steels are gradually more used in the automotive industry, as they guarantee an improved safety together with weight reduction. However, these steels are, unfortunately, reported to be more prone to H induced failure. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +32-9-331-0453; E-mail address: Kim.verbeken@ugent.be * Corresponding author. Tel.: +32-9-331-0453; E-mail address: Kim.verb ken@ugent.be

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.294