PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 13 (2018) 11 –115 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Simulated running ductile fracture experiment using rubber tube Yasuyuki Furuta a , Yuki Nishizono a , Shuji Aihara a * , Fuminori Yanagimoto a , Tomoya Kawabata a , K zuki Shibanuma a , Carl s A. Ol veira b and Armando H. Shinoh ra b a The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan b Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitairia, 50740530-Recife, PE, Brazil Abstract Dynamic frack propagation experiment using rubber tubes has been developed which is intended to simulate running ductile fracture in high-p essure gas pipelines. Crack velocity was measured by high-speed camera. It ranged 100 to 500m/s, depending on pressure. The crack velocity decreased more rapidly in helium gas test than in the air test. This result was explained by a comparison of crack propagation velocity and sound velocity of the gas media. The crack opening shape was found similar to that of full-scale burst tests of steel pipes. Also, crack deviation leading to ring-off and crack arrest took place, which was similar to full-scale burst tests. Bi-axial stress state was suggested as a factor controlling the crack deviation. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of h ECF22 organizers. Keywo ds: dy amic crack propagation; rubber tub ; pipelines; crack arrest 1. Introduction Prevention of running ductile fracture is one of the most important subjects for maintaining reliability of high pressure natural gas pipelines. Full-scale burst t sts have been conducted to reproduce the running fracture (Eiber et al. 1993), from which so-called two curve method (TCM) was developed to understand the crack propagation and arrest in pip lines. The TCM compar s c ack resistance and gas decompression curves, both of which are plotted on a pressure versus velocity graph. If the two curves intersect each other, the crack is predicted to propagate at the intersection velocity because the velocities of crack propagation and gas decompression are equal. If not, the crack is predicted to arrest even if it is initiated. The TCM has been most widely used in the pipeline industry. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Simulated running ductile fracture experiment using rubber tube Yasuyuki Furuta a , Yuki Nishizono a , Shuji Aihara a * , Fuminori Yanagimoto a , Tomoya Kawabata a , Kazuki Shibanuma a , Carlos . Oliveira b and Armando H. Shinohara b a The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan b Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitairia, 50740530-Recife, PE, Brazil Abstract Dynamic frack propagation experiment using rubber tubes has been developed which is intended to simulate running ductile fracture in high- essure gas pi l nes. Crack velocity was me ured by high-speed camera. It ranged 100 to 500m/s, depending on pressure. The crack velocity decreased mor rapidly in h li m gas test than in the air test. This resul was explained by a comparison of cra k propagat on v locity and sound ve ocity of the gas m dia. The crack opening s ape was found similar to that of full-scale burst tests of steel pipes. Also, crack de iation leading to ring-off and crack arrest took lace, which was similar to full-scale burst tes s. Bi-axial stress tate was suggested as a factor cont olling the crack deviation. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: d namic crack propaga ion; rubber tube; pip lines; ra k arrest 1. Introduction Prevention of running ductile fracture is one of the most important subjects for maintaining reliability of high pressur natural gas p pelines. Full-scale burst t sts have been conducted to reproduce the run ing fr cture (Eiber et al. 1993), from which so-called two urve method (TCM) was developed to understand the crack propagation and rrest in pipelines. The TCM compares crack r sistance and gas decompr ssi n curves, both of which are plo ted o a p es ure versus velocity graph. If the two curves intersect each ther, the crack i predicted to propaga e at the int rsection velocity because t e velocities of c ack propagation and gas decompress on are equal. If n t, the cr ck is pr dicted to arrest even if it is initiated. The TCM has been m st wi ely used in the pipelin industry. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-3-5841-6505; E-mail address: aihara@fract.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-3-5841-6505; E-mail address: ai ara@fract.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.019