PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 13 (2018) 143–148 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural I tegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Impact of Aggressive Media on the Interlaminar Shear Strength of Innovative Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyurea/Polysilicate Hybrid Resins Mark Kopietz a *, Bernd Wetzel a a Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 58, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany In this work the impact of different media (water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrochloric acid (HCl)) especially on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) were explored. The ILSS served as an indicator for the adhesion between fibers and matrix. Furthermore, the media uptake and loss of non-bonded chemicals were determined. As matrices served phosphate-containing polyurea/polysilicate resin (3P Resins®) as a reference and a recently developed phosphate-free hybrid resin denoted as 2P. Additionally, the 2P hybrid resins were modified by 1 vol% of the nonionic surfactant Efka® WE 3110. It was found that the phosphate-free resin (2P) reaches both, a significantly increased ILSS and fiber/matrix adhesion, and simultaneously, a lower media uptake compared to the 3P. These properties were further enhanced by the presence of the surfactant. Besides, the market established reference resin showed a mass loss indicating the iffusion of unfavorable phosphates from the composite into the media. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: fiber-reinforced plastics, interlaminar shear strength, polyurea/polysilicate hybrid resins, media resistance © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und responsibility of the ECF22 organiz rs. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Impact of Aggressive Media on the Interlaminar Shear Strength of Innovative Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyurea/Polysilicate Hybrid Resins Mark Kopietz a *, Bernd Wetzel a a Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 58, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany Abstract In this work the impact of different media (water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrochloric acid (HCl)) especially on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) were explored. The ILSS served as an indicator for the adhesion between fibers and matrix. Furthermore, he media uptake and loss of non-bonded chemicals w re determined. As matrices s rved phosph te-containing polyurea/polysilicate resin (3P Resins®) as a reference nd a rec ntly d veloped phosphate-free hybrid resin denoted s 2P. Additionally, the 2P hybrid resins were modified by 1 vol% of the nonionic surfactant Efka® WE 3110. It was found that the phosphate-free resin (2P) reaches both, a significantly increased ILSS and fiber/matrix adhesion, and simultaneously, a lower media uptake compared to th 3P. These properties were further nhanced by the presence of the surfactant. Besides, the market established reference resin showed a mass loss indicating the diffusion of unfavorabl phosphates from the composit into the media. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: fiber-reinforced plastics, interlaminar shear strength, polyurea/polysilicate hybrid resins, media resistance 1. Introduction Due to different impacts such as frost, roots, and soil erosion, many installed sewer pipes are damaged over time and need to be repaired. Conservative methods such as exposure and complete replacement are expensive. Therefore, the more economical shortliner method has established in the past years with glass fiber reinforced © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Due to different impacts such as frost, roots, and soil erosion, many installed sewer pipes are damaged over time and need to be repaired. Conservative methods such as exposure and complete replacement are expensive. Therefore, the more economical shortliner method has established in the past years with glass fiber reinforced Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Abstract 1. Introduction

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 (0)631/2017-147; fax: +49 (0)631/2017-199. E-mail address: mark.kopietz@ivw.uni-kl.de * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 (0)631/2017-147; fax: +49 (0)631/2017-199. E-mail ad ress: mark kopietz@ivw.uni-kl.de

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.024