PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 2095–21 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity High speed observation of fast crack propagation and arrest behaviour in 3D transparent structures Fuminori Yanagimoto a* , Kazuki Shibanuma a , Katsuyuki Suzuki b a Department of Systems Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan b Research into Artifacts, Center for Engineering, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan Abstract Crack arrester is employed for preventing brittle cracks from causing catastrophic failure of large steel structures. In large container ships, so called “structural crack arrest design” utilizing welded joint has been recently used to improve brittle crack arrestability of the structures. Although such design is already applied to commercial ships, the mechanism of crack arrest in such design has not been clear because crack behavior in the joint is 3D and hard to measure by conventional methods. Therefore, in order to clarify crack arrest mechanism in structural crack arrest design, 3D rapid crack propagation and arrest behavior was observed in T-joint like structures made of transparent elastic material by using high speed camera. The observation showed that the crack front shape was significantly important to consider crack arrest mechanism because the semi-elliptical-like crack front shape in flange plates caused reduction of SIF and crack arrest. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Brittle crack propagatio and arrest behavior; Rapid crack pr pagation; Steel; 1. Introduction Crack arresters using geometrical features of the structures are effective to improve crack arrestability without relying on material capa ilities. They are also employed in brittle crack arrest in large steel structures (Ibrahim, 2016; Sumi et al., 2013). E ecially, the welded jo nt between hutch side coaming and upper deck in large container ships is expected to play a role to prevent brittle cracks from penetrating the structures and considered in crack arrest design (Inoue et al., 2010). Howev r, although there are some c nventi nal studies related to structural arrest design, they mainly focused on evaluation of crack arrestability of the structure and detail mechanisms of crack arrest in the structures is not clear. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity High speed observation of fast crack propagation and arrest behaviour in 3D transparent structures Fuminori Yanagimoto a* , Kazuki Shibanuma a , Katsuyuki Suzuki b a Depa t ent of Syst ms Innovation, Graduate School of En ineering, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bu kyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan b Research i to Ar facts, Center for Engineering, the Univ rsity of Toky , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan Abstract Crack arrester is mploy d for preventing brittle cracks from causing catastrophic failure f large steel structures. In large container ships, so called “structural crack arrest design” utilizing welded joint has been recently used to improve brittle crack arrestability of the structures. Although such design is already applied to commerci l ships, th mechanism of crack arrest in such d sign has not b en clear because crack be avior i the joint is 3D and hard to measure by conventional methods. Therefore, in order to clarify crack arrest mech nism in structural crack arrest design, 3D rapid crack propagation and rrest behavior was observed in T-joint like structures made of transparent elastic mat rial by using high speed camer . The observation showed that the crack front shape was significantly important to consider crack arrest mechanism because the semi- lliptical-like crack front shape in flange plates caused reduction of SIF d crack arr st. © 2018 The Authors. Publishe by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: Brittle crack propagation and arrest behavior; Rapid crack propagation; Steel; 1. Introduction Crack arr sters using geometrical features of the structur s re ef ective to improve crack arrestability without relying on material capabilities. They are also employed in brittle crack arrest in large steel structures (I rahim, 2016; Sumi et al., 2013). Especially, the w ld d joint between hutch side coaming a d upper deck in large container ships is expected to play a role to prevent brittl cra ks from p netrating the structures and considered in crack arrest design (Inoue et al., 2010). However, although there are so e conventional studies related to structural arrest design, they mainly focused on evaluation of crack arrestability of the structure an detail mechanisms of crack arrest in the structures is not clear. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-3-5841-6554 E-mail address : yanagimoto@struct.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-3-5841-6554 E-mail address : yanagimoto@struct.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.202