PSI - Issue 12

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 12 (2018) 553–56 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis On the lateral stability of the sleeper-ballast system AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis On the lateral stability of the sleeper-ballast system

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Giovanni Pio Pucillo a *, Francesco Penta a , Maddalena Catena b , Stefano Lisi b a Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio n. 80, 80125 Naples, Italy b RFI - Italian State Railways, Piazza della Croce Rossa n. 1, 00161 Rome, Italy The lateral stability of railway tracks depends on all track components: rails, fastening systems, sleepers, ballast bed and substructure. Among them, the ballast is the weakest one and, due to its granular nature, experimental data obtained in line from full-scale tests, rather than based on analytical formulations, are used to describe its behavior. Until now, several studies have been carried out to quantify the effects of the track-bed geometric l parameters on the transverse strength of the track, but unfortunately not all the possible scenarios have been investigated. To fill this gap, a numerical-experimental research program of in-line tests has been developed in the framework of a cooperation between the Italian State Railways (RFI) and the Department of Industrial Engineering (DII) of the University of Naples Federico II. An ad hoc experimental testing plant, which is able to apply in a more realistic way the testing loads in field conditions, has been designed and realized. In the present paper, the test field is described, and both the features of the new testing plant and the advantages that this new system ffers are detailed. Finally, from the analysis of the experimental data obtained from in-line tests carried out on some track panels representative of real scenarios, and with the help of atypical lateral resistance tests, an interesting property is utilized to predict a priori the lateral resistance curves of non tested scenarios. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Keywords: Thermal track buckling; railway track stability; CWR; full scale test; field test; sleeper-ballast lateral resistance; DCPPT © 2018 The Aut ors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibil ty of the Scien ific Committee of AIAS 2018 Int r ational Conference on Stress Analysis. Giovanni Pio Pucillo a *, Francesco Penta a , Maddalena Catena b , Stefano Lisi b a Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio n. 80, 80125 Naples, Italy b RFI - Ital an State Railways, Piazz della Croce Rossa n. 1, 00161 Rome, Italy Abstract The lateral stability of railway tracks depends on all track components: rails, fastening systems, sleepers, ballast bed and substructure. Among them, the ballast is the weakest one and, due to its granular natur , experimental data obtained in line from f ll-scale tests, rather than based on analytical formulations, are used to describe its behavior. U til now, several studies have been carried out to quantify t e effects of the track-bed geometri al param ters on the transverse strength of the track, ut unfortunat ly not all the possible scenarios hav been investigated. To fill this gap, a numerical-experimental researc program of in-line tests has been d veloped in the framework of a cooperation between the Italian State Railways (RFI) and the Depart ent of Industrial Engineering (DII) of t e Univ rsity f Naples Federico II. An ad hoc experimental testing plant, w ich is able to apply in a more realistic way the testing load in field conditions, has bee designed and realized. In the present paper, the test field is described, and both the features of the new testi g plant and th a vantages that this new system offers ar detailed. Finally, from the analysis of t experimental data obtained from in-line tests carried out on some track panels repres ntative of real scenarios, and with the help of atypical lateral resistance tests, an i ter sting property is utiliz d to predict a priori the lat ral r sistance curves of non tested scenarios. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Keywords: Thermal track buckling; railway track stability; CWR; full scale test; field test; sleeper-ballast lateral resistance; DCPPT Abstract

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-081-7682378. E-mail address: gpucillo@unina.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-081-7682378. E-mail ad ress: gpucillo@unina.it

2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-revi w u er responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review u der re ponsibility of Scientific ommitt e of AIAS 2018 Internati al Conference on Stress Analysis.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.11.064