PSI - Issue 12

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ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com Sci ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 12 (2018) 196–2 3 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis Design and manufacture of hybrid aluminum/composite co-cured tubes with viscoelastic interface layer Marco Povolo a *, Luca Rai ondi b , Tommaso Maria Brugo a , Angelo Pagani c , Dario Comand c , Luc Pirazzini c , Andrea Zucchelli a,b * a DIN – Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italia b CIRI-MAM – Unive sità i B logna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italia c REGLASS SRL – Via Caduti di Cefalonia, 4, 40061 Minerbio BO, Italia The development of hybrid FRP-metal axisymmetric components is a matter of increasing interest in the automotive and aerospace industry for a lightweight design. The hybridization of the technology enables a cost reduction of components production and an increase of mechanical performances together with the ability of machining the surface of the metal tube; this technique guarantees a production improvement since the coating of the tube is no longer required and the pieces can be manufactured in one-step curing cycle. The improvement in bending and torsional stiffness, corrosion resistance and mass reduction of hybrid tubes, in comparison to the single material-built component, has been already demonstrated. A great challenge is to find a way to make hybrid tubes with external metal, avoiding delaminations and detachments that could occur during and after the curing process, due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion between FRP and metal along the axial direction of the tube. For this reason, a component manufacturing process has been studied by experimental and numerical analysis (FEM), including custom process machines and inserting a viscoelastic layer as an interface between the two tubes. Genetic algorithm method has been used to optimize the stacking sequence of a hybrid co-cured metal/composite tube to maximize the flexural stiffness, while applying a strength constraint condition. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. © 2018 The Aut ors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under th CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-r view und r responsibility of th Scientific Committ e of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis Design and manufacture of hybrid aluminum/composite co-cured tubes with viscoelastic interface layer Marco Povolo a *, Luca Raimondi b , Tommaso Maria Brugo a , Angelo Pagani c , Dario Comand c , Luca Pirazzini c , Andrea Zucchelli a,b * a DIN – Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italia b CIRI-MAM – Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italia c REGLASS SRL – Via Caduti di C falonia, 4, 40061 Minerbi BO, Italia Abstract The development of hybrid FRP-metal axisymmetric components is a matter of increasing interest in the automotive and aerospace industry for a lightweight design. The hybridizatio of the technology enables a cost re uction of c mponents production and an increase of mechanical perf rmances together with the abili y of machi i g the surf c of the m tal tube; thi technique guarant es a production mprovement s nce the coatin of the tube s n l nger r quired and the pieces can be manufactured i one-step curi g cycle. Th improvement in bending and torsional stiffness, corr sion resistance and mass reduction of hybrid tubes, in comp rison to the single material-built compon nt, has been already dem nstrat d. A great challenge s to find a way to make hybrid tubes with external metal, avoiding delaminations and e achments hat could occur du ing d after the curing process, due to the different coefficien s of thermal expansion between FRP and m tal long the axial direction of the tube. For this reason, a component manufacturing process has been studied by experime tal and numerical analysis (FEM), including custom process ma hines and insert ng a viscoelastic layer as n interface betwe n the two tub s. Genetic algorithm method has been used to optimize the stacking sequence of a hybrid co-cured metal/composit tube to m ximize the flexur l tiffness, wh le applying a strength constraint condition. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. K ywords: Composite; Cyli der; Optimization; Bend ng; Hybrid Tubes; CFRP; Abstract

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 051 209 3457 E-mail address: a.zucchelli@unibo.it E-mail address: marco.povolo2@unibo.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 051 209 3457 E-mail address: a.zucchelli@unibo.it E-mail ad ress: marco.povolo2@unibo.it

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.11.095 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

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