PSI - Issue 81

Mykola Pidgurskyi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 81 (2026) 439–446

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Fig. 7. Variation of equivalent stresses around openings: a) end opening; b) quarter span opening; c) central opening.

It can be observed from the diagram (see Fig. 7) that the equivalent stresses around the openings reach their maximum values only at certain localized points, depending on the position of the opening. Meanwhile, the average stress levels along the entire opening perimeter do not exceed allowable limits. Since the highest stress values occur around the near-support openings, an additional analysis was performed for these regions including the application of haunch elements at the eaves and apex joints. The resulting stress distributions in the support zones for these beam configurations are presented in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8. Equivalent stresses in the near-support zone (deformed beam shapes): a), b) horizontal beam without haunches and with haunches; c), d) double-pitched beam without haunches and with haunches; e), f) arched beam without haunches and with haunches.