PSI - Issue 81

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 81 (2026) 458–464

© 2026 The Authors. Copy from the contract: Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of DMDP 2025 organizers Keywords: Fire-structure interaction; sandwich panel; mesh convergence; double-hull structures 1. Introduction The double hull has long been the safety standard for ship hull structures, offering enhanced resistance and containment capability during collision or grounding accidents (Malsyage et al., 2025; Fuadi et al., 2024; Kuznecovs et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2021) . However, this configuration also results in a proportional increase in the vessel’s overall weight, affecting both performance and construction costs. On the other hand, the sandwich panel structure provides a higher stiffness-to-weight ratio without Abstract Sandwich panels offer a higher stiffness-to-weight ratio compared to conventional double-hull structures. One of the challenges in their application was ensuring adequate structural resistance under fire conditions. This study investigated the mechanical response of sandwich panels using the finite element method under combined thermal loading and equivalent total forces derived from a dead load. The geometry was derived from previous studies on carbon steel materials, which accounted for changes in strength with temperature. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of mesh variations within the range of 30 – 75 mm, aiming to achieve convergence of results and computational efficiency. The results show that a fine mesh did not always provide good accuracy, but instead increased computation time. A mesh size of 45 mm yielded successful results, with a 1% difference close to the convergence line and a computation time seven times shorter than with the smallest mesh size. These findings underscore the importance of mesh convergence studies in the numerical analysis of sandwich panels, thereby ensuring the reliability of this approach as an alternative to double-hull structures on ships. VIII International Conference “In -service Damage of Materials: Diagnostics and Prediction“ (DMDP 2025) Mesh sensitivity study of sandwich panel under combined mechanical and fire loading Dhanies Wahyu Ardyrizky a,b ,Arifin Nurcholis b , Muhammad Affan Satriatama b , Aditya Rio Prabowo a* , Quang Thang Do c , Ben Ganendra d , Teguh Muttaqie e , Siti Nurlita Fitri f a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS), Surakarta, Indonesia b Laboratory of Design and Computational Mechanics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS), Surakarta, Indonesia c Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Viet Nam d Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium e Research Center for Hydrodynamic Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Surabaya, Indonesia f Department of Civil Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +62-271-163-632; fax: +62-271-163-632 E-mail address: aditya@ft.uns.ac.id

2452-3216 © 2026 The Authors. Copy from the contract: Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of DMDP 2025 organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.03.079