PSI - Issue 81

Dmytro Voloshyn et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 81 (2026) 228–233

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algorithms for identifying competing risks in fleets of complex systems H. Z. Thiago et al. (2022). However, their application to wagon-repair production remains limited, indicating the need for a tailored, integrated approach. Production in the market environment is associated with a constant risk of negative results. In practice, this can be presented as a set of probabilistic consequences of selected management decisions. The system for assessing and analysing risks in the production system can be used in wagon maintenance to ensure the required wagon repair reliability for all subsystems at the enterprise with minimal costs for all types of resources (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. An example of the risk management system.

The risk is the product of the probability of harm and the magnitude of this harm in quantitative terms (Fig. 3). Risks arising in production impact both the company and the customer. Risk management is the process of identifying and analysing risks, followed by decision-making on corrective and preventive actions to minimise risk events, reduce the probability of an adverse outcome with negative consequences and material losses.

Fig. 3. The production risk structure.

Risk management of the wagon repair system can be conducted by means of a standard analysis model that includes the following steps: • initiation of the risk management process • general risk assessment (identification, evaluation and analysis) • risk control (reduction or elimination) • informing about risks (within the company) • analysis of the results (monitoring)