PSI - Issue 80

Haomiao Fang et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 80 (2026) 53–64 H. Fang et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000 – 000

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is operated to enhance the quality of signal data. In this study, three existing baseline-free approaches were employed to compare with the proposed K-SVD baseline free methodology. The result indicates that the proposed methodology achieves higher localization accuracy and exhibits relatively less adjacent noise. Additionally, the proposed methodology is further extended to detect BVIDs under temperatures ranging from 20°C to 50°C in 5°C increments. Consequently, its effectiveness and robustness are validated through accurate localization across varying temperature conditions.