PSI - Issue 79

Abubakr E.S. Musa et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 79 (2026) 206–216

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100 150 200 250 300 350

Experiment-Specimen 1 Experiment-Specimen 2 Experiment-Average FEM

P (kN)

0 50

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

∆ t/t

Fig. 6. Comparison between the experimental results and FE model predictions. Fig. 7 compares the failure modes between the experimental results and the FE model predictions, demonstrating a strong match between the two. The regions where the thickness has been reduced exhibit high stress concentrations and undergo significant buckling, as clearly visualized in the specimens with higher thickness reductions ( ∆ t/t = 0.50 and 0.67). This alignment between the experimental and numerical results highlights the accuracy of the FE model in capturing the structural behavior reasonably.

Fig. 7. Comparison of the failure modes between experiment and FE.