PSI - Issue 78

Gloria Terenzi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 341–348

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and 5.68 kN(s/mm)  (T13), from the corresponding values obtained from T7 and T9 tests. The deviation proves to be no greater than 1% (T10-T7, BC1BN-FC), and 4% (T13-T9, BC1DN-FC). A selected number of experimental and numerical cycles derived from T10 and T13 tests are shown in Fig. 6.

Force [kN] Force [kN] Force [kN]

Force [kN]

Force [kN] Force [kN]

Fig. 3. BC1BN-FC dampers. Experimental (blue line) and numerical (red line) hysteretic cycles deriving from T1 (  =0.01 Hz), T4 (  =1 Hz), and T7 (  =5 Hz) tests, for 2008 and 2025 experimental campaigns.