PSI - Issue 78

Laura Ragni et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 2094–2101

2099

To simulate the base-isolated building response during in situ-tests, parameters from Table 2 were scaled by the number of HDRBs (28) and adjusted for each test’s maximum displacement. Table 3 includes these values along with shear strain and corresponding shear modulus. Friction forces from sliders were estimated from in-situ tests, as identified in [12]. By observing simulation results illustrated in Figs. 6-7 it is evident how the model accurately reproduces viscous effects and displacement loss during loading (Fig. 6), and matches experimental free vibration data (Fig. 7), showing one oscillation followed by gradual decay due to viscous overstress.

Fig. 6. Numerical simulation of the loading ramp of test D2

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