PSI - Issue 78

Ciro Del Vecchio et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 913–920

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(middle) floors is approximately regular, whereas it is irregular in the four-floor building (left side). The four-floor building has a floor plan with 39.2 m and 9.7 m sides while the three-floor building has 11.2 m and 9.3 m sides. Then, the two-floor building has 20.1 m and 11.7 m sides. The floors are all walkable with an inter-storey height between 2.5 m to 3.2 m. The four-floor building has a total height of 11.65 m while the two-floor buildings is the has a total height of 6.39 m. The total height of the three-floor building is 8.75 m. The buildings are fully infilled with hollow clay bricks walls in both directions of the building. Damage to structural and non-structural components was observed during post-earthquake investigations. It consisted in severe cracking of infill panels and shear cracking at the top end of the ground floor columns due to the interaction with stiff infills (see Fig. 2). The data available for the selected buildings were used to develop the simplified non-linear model of each building to evaluate the EDPs. Although the floor plan of the buildings is irregular, the column grid was modelled as regular as the simplified framework was conceived to perform analysis of regular buildings to be computationally efficient. 4. Results in terms of direct losses The simplified loss assessment framework was used to perform a preliminary analysis to estimate the repair costs for the case study buildings. The costs were estimated at components level considering the as-built and FRP strengthened configurations. The analysis was performed with a set of 7 records scaled at 9 return periods T R (ranging from 30 to 2475 years) according to the requirements prescribed by the NTC (2018).

4.1. Assessment EAL Fig. 3 shows the results in terms of total and component repair costs.

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(e) (f) Fig. 3 Results in terms of total and component repair costs for: 4 floors building (a), (b); 3 floors building (c), (d); 2 floors building (e), (f);