PSI - Issue 78

Marco Nale et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 1095–1102

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authors aim to extend the protocol into a multi-hazard risk framework for this category of infrastructure, in alignment with the approach adopted in the Italian guidelines for existing bridges (Santarsiero et al., 2021; Rossi et al., 2023;

Salvatore et al., 2024). Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Regional Agency for Civil Protection of the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy (CUP: F75F21002890002). The authors also wish to thank Drs. Lorenzo Bacci, Riccardo Battaglia, Valerio Bonfiglioli, Adriano Dicuonzo, and Stefano Filippini for their valuable comments and suggestions, which contributed to the improvement of this research. References Artioli, E., Battaglia, R., Tralli, A., 2013. Effects of May 2012 Emilia earthquake on industrial buildings of early ’900 on the Po river line. Engineering Structures, 56, 1220 – 1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.06.026 Artioli, E., Battaglia, R., Tralli, A., 2017. Emilia 2012 earthquake and the need of accounting for multi-hazard design paradigm for strategic infrastructures. Engineering Structures, 140, 353 – 372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.03.004 BFE, 2015. Richtlinie über die Sicherheit der Stauanlagen. Teil D: Inbetriebnahme und Betrieb Inbetriebnahme - Unterhalt - Überwachung, Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Switzerland (in German) Buratti, N., Minghini, F., Ongaretto, E., Savoia, M., Tullini, N., 2017. Empirical seismic fragility for the precast RC industrial buildings damaged by the 2012 Emilia (Italy) earthquakes. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 46(14), 2317-2335. Cattari, S., Degli Abbati, S., Ferretti, D., Lagomarsino, S., Ottonelli, D., Rossi, M., Tralli, A., 2012. The seismic behaviour of ancient masonry buildings after the earthquake in Emilia (Italy) on May 20th and 29th, 2012. Ingegneria Sismica, 29(2 – 3). FEMA, 2022. Hazus Earthquake Model User Guidance, Washington DC, United States ICOLD, 2008. Inspection of Dams following earthquake guidelines. IMIT, 2002. Controlli straordinari a seguito di eventi sismici (S.N.D. 3536). Rome, Italy. Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transportation (in Italian). IMIT, 2017. Controlli straordinari a seguito di eventi sismici, aggiornamento procedura art. 6.2.3 del FCEM revisione novembre 2017. Rome, Italy: Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transportation (in Italian). Manfredi, G., Prota, A., Verderame, G. M., De Luca, F., Ricci, P., 2014. 2012 Emilia earthquake, Italy: Reinforced concrete buildings response. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 12(5), 2275 – 2298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9512-x Minghini, F., Ongaretto, E., Ligabue, V., Savoia, M., Tullini, N., 2016. Observational failure analysis of precast buildings after the 2012 Emilia earthquakes. Earthquakes and Structures, 11(2), 327-346. Nale, M., Benvenuti, E., Chiozzi, A., Minghini, F., Tralli, A., 2023. Effect of uncertainties on seismic fragility for out-of-plane collapse of unreinforced masonry walls. Journal of Building Engineering, 75, 106936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106936 Nale M, Accolli M., Minghini F., 2025. Post-earthquake functionality assessment protocol for hydraulic infrastructure in lowland areas. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2025.2531394 NASA, 1966. Procedure for Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington D.C., USA Penna, A., Morandi, P., Rota, M., Manzini, C. F., da Porto, F., Magenes, G., 2014. Performance of masonry buildings during the Emilia 2012 earthquake. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 12(5), 2255 – 2273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9496-6 Rossi, P. P., Spinella, N., Recupero, A., 2023. Experimental application of the Italian guidelines for the risk classification and management and for the safety evaluation of existing bridges. Structures, 58, 105387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105387 Salvatore, W., Uva, G., Venanzi, I., Mazzotti, C., Morici, M., Natali, A., Dall’Asta, A., Ubertini, F., Mannella, P., Lepori, L., Pellicanò, F., Calò, M., Cardillo, E., Nettis, A., Bencivenga, P., Brando, G., Borlenghi, P., Carbonari, S., Clemente, P ., … Proverbio, E., 2024. Application of Italian Guidelines for structural-foundational and seismic risk classification of bridges: The Fabre experience on a large bridge inventory. Procedia Structural Integrity, 62, 1 – 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2024.09.009 Santarsiero, G., Masi, A., Picciano, V., Digrisolo, A., 2021. The Italian Guidelines on Risk Classification and Management of Bridges: Applications and Remarks on Large Scale Risk Assessments. Infrastructures, 6(8), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6080111 Tani, S., 1996. Damage to earth dams. Soils and foundations, 36(Special), 263-272. Tani, S., 2000. Earthquake damage to fill dams in Japan. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 34(1), 39-48. Wieland, M., 2006. Earthquake safety of existing dams, keynote lecture. Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology. 1st European conference on earthquake engineering and seismology, Geneva, Switzerland.