PSI - Issue 78

Giacomo Iovane et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 521–527

523

Configuration 3.2 - two timber rectangular-shaped plates are placed at the top and bottom of the beam end, connected to both the beam and the column with screws (Kasal et al., 2014).

Beam to column joints typological categories

Reference studies

Type of joint

1.1

1.2

Wang et al. , 2014; He and Liu , 2015; Wang et al. , 2016; He et al. , 2016; Beltran , 2016; Salem and Petrycki , 2016; Liu and Xiong , 2018; Zhan et al. , 2019; Kang et al. , 2022; Sun et al. , 2024

Internal rectangular plate

1.1

Internal T-shaped plate

Salem and Petrycki , 2016; Masaeli et al. , 2020; Jayasekara and Foster , 2023; Zhang et al. , 2023; Madland et al. , 2023; Li et al. , 2024;

1.2

1.3

1.4

Type 1

External rectangular plate

1.3

Salem et al. , 2016

External U shaped plate

1.4

Jayasekara and Foster , 2023; Zhang et al. , 2023; Li et al. , 2024

2.1

2.2

Circular Arrangement of connectors Rectangular Arrangement of connectors Upper and lower side beam L shaped profile Upper and lower side beam timber rectangular plate

2.1

Polastri , 2010; Beltran , 2016; Johanides et al. , 2021

Type 2

2.2

Wang et al. , 2021

3.1

3.2

3.1

Kasal et al. , 2010; Kang et al. , 2022

Type 3

3.2

Kasal et al. , 2014

Andreolli , 2011; Nakatani et al. , 2012; Gohlich, and Erochko , 2016; Yang et al. , 2021; Iovane et al. , 2023b; Vilguts et al. , 2024

End beam link

Type 4

Post tensioned cable

Rahmzadeh and Iqbal , 2021

Type 5

Fig. 1. Types of beam-to-column joints and related reference studies (lighter brown corresponds to the member section).

Type 4 joint consists of a steel link connected to the timber beam end by glued bars (Andreolli, 2011; Nakatani et al., 2012; Faggiano et al., 2019; Iovane et al., 2023b;Vilguts et al., 2024) or screws (Gohlich, and Erochko, 2016; Yang et al., 2021) and to the timber column through bolts (Andreolli, 2011; Nakatani et al., 2012; Iovane et al., 2023b; Vilguts et al., 2024) or screws (Gohlich, and Erochko, 2016; Yang et al., 2021). It is designed for