PSI - Issue 78

Maria Maglio et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 153–160

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a)

b)

c)

Fig. 2. Scissor toggle damper configurations: (a) C1; (b) C2; (c) C3.

4. Comparative evaluation trough pushover analyses The comparative analysis is based on amplification factor – displacement diagrams obtained from pushover analyses conducted under four distinct modeling conditions, which combine assumptions on element deformability and geometric nonlinearities: • Deformable elements without large displacement effects.

• Deformable elements with large displacement effects, accounting for P – Delta (P.D.). • Rigid elements (except for the dissipative device) without large displacement effects. • Rigid elements (except for the dissipative device) with large displacement effects (P.D.).

The large displacement effects refer to geometric nonlinearities commonly known as P – Delta effects, which were included where specified to capture more realistic structural behaviour. For each configuration, results from these four modeling scenarios were superimposed on a single diagram and labeled accordingly as: Deformable, Deformable – P.D., Rigid, and Rigid – P.D.