PSI - Issue 77

Arian Semedo and João Garcia/ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000

6

Arian Semedo et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 77 (2026) 498–511

503

Table 2. Photovoltaic System Specifications

Parameter

Value

Auxiliary Components Efficiency Monthly Irradiance (Wh/m²) Daily Irradiance (Wh/m²) Peak Solar Hours (hours/day)

0.84

159730

5150 5.15

3.3. Tidal energy Tidal energy represents a renewable resource that harnesses the kinetic energy of ocean currents generated by periodic tidal cycles. Unlike other renewable sources, tidal energy is highly predictable and consistent, rendering it particularly suitable for applications that require a stable and continuous electricity supply. Energy extraction is achieved through submerged turbines, conceptually analogous to wind turbines, which convert the motion of tidal currents into electrical power. The performance of tidal turbines is strongly dependent on site-specific characteristics, including current velocity, water depth, and local hydrodynamic conditions. These parameters directly affect the efficiency of power conversion and the long term operational viability of the technology. Despite its advantages, the integration of tidal energy into refrigeration systems remains at an early stage. Fandi et al. (2022) investigated its potential feasibility; however, practical implementation is still limited, necessitating further technological development and comprehensive system integration strategies. Critical challenges associated with tidal energy deployment include marine corrosion, biofouling accumulation on turbine blades, and potential impacts on local marine ecosystems. The adoption of corrosion-resistant materials, anti-fouling coatings, and optimized turbine designs can mitigate these issues, enhancing operational reliability and lifespan. Within the context of this study, tidal energy is considered as an innovative complementary resource capable of improving the sustainability and energy autonomy of refrigeration facilities. Its integration has the potential to reduce reliance on conventional energy sources while contributing to long-term environmental objectives. 4. Environmental conditions and assumptions To guarantee the reproducibility and reliability of the results, the reference environmental conditions and design assumptions were established using historical climate data from Tarrafal de Santiago, Cape Verde, the target site for system implementation. The refrigeration system was dimensioned considering the most critical climatic scenario observed over the past three decades, corresponding to a maximum dry bulb temperature of 35 °C, recorded in September. The site is characterized by an average wind speed of 26 km/h (with a minimum of 18 km/h) and relative humidity ranging from 60% to 85%. A representative value within this range was selected for the thermal performance calculations. The adopted climatic conditions are summarized in Figure 2.